Essay: Unmanned Level Crossing Using Sound Sensor

Abstract:
The statistics of ‘Times of India’ (25 July’2014) states that 66% of accident fatalities occurred at unmanned level crossing in INDIA. The road and rail accidents are increasing because of human errors. Majority of the level crossing positions are not guided by any accident preventive mechanism and even not accompanied by a skilled person.
This proposal presents an automatic intimation at level crossing positions using sensors (Sound and IR) and accident prevention mechanism will be implemented by providing alarm sound.
Objectives:
‘ To provide safety for the road users.
‘ To reduce the accidents.
‘ To reduce human resource.
‘ Better accuracy than manual labour.
Methodology:
The proposed system has two modules such as Transmitter module and Receiver module.
The transmitter module has a sound sensor, IR sensor and a GSM module to transmit the message to perceive the arrival of train. Transmitter module will be placed away from the unmanned level crossing about 3 to 5 km to perceive the arrival of train. Sound sensor detects the sound produced by the train which is kept at a distance of 4km from the gate.IR sensor always detects the motion for particular distance. If there is no motion, it produces the pulse as ‘LOW’ until it detects motion. If motion is detected for some period of time then it will produce long pulse. If both the sensors (Sound and IR) gives ‘HIGH’ output, then microcontroller produces the output ‘HIGH’. The output of the microcontroller triggers the GSM module which sends a message to the receiver.
Receiver module consists of sound sensor, comparator, IR sensor and microcontroller. Receiver module will be placed in unmanned gate level crossing to indicate the arrival of train. Receiver receives the message from the GSM module and the message is fed into microcontroller. It compares the received message with stored message in data base. Infrared sensor sense the departure of train and it will trigger the programmed microcontroller to stop the alarm.
The proposed mechanism is a prudent approach to safeguard the human and to curtail the train accidents.
Workplan:
Raw Materials Procurement
Device/Product Designing Using Different sensors
Fabrication-Equipment 1
Performance Assessment 1
Fabrication-Equipment 2
Performance Assessment 2
Analysis of Different Sensors
Cost Estimation:
A Permanent equipment
MICRO-CONTROLLER(8051)(2)-16000,
LCD DISPLAY(2)-4000(2.5 INCHES),
Total Rs.20,000
B Project specific minor
equipment
GSM MODULE KIT(16F877A)(2)-6500,
SOUND SENSOR(RM0018)(2)-2500,
IR SENSOR(2)-500,
BUZZER(2)-500
Total Rs.10,000
C
Consumables
Fabrication’ Rs1,000
Consumables(Diodes,Transistors,Wires, ‘ Rs. 500
Total Rs.1,500
D To attend seminar/workshop/conference Rs.1,000
E Travel Rs. 2,000
F Total (A+B+C+D+E) Rs.34,500
G Total cost of the project Rs.34,500