The age of Enlightenment was a truly remarkable time for the western world, especially in Western Europe. This was a time where everything was being questioned and it happened right after the Scientific Revolutions that had happened in the 1600s. One of the main things in the age of Enlightenment was the skepticism that was geared towards religion, specifically the Catholic church and the monarchies around Europe. This questioning of organized religion such as the Catholic church and the divine right of monarchies would lead to revolutions around the world. Separation of church and state also came around at this time, and the power of the Catholic church slowly dwindled down. A big change that came from the age of Enlightenment in Western Europe were the revolutions that happened to France and Great Britain losing America in the American Revolution.
The French Revolution was huge and a particularly important part of France’s history. The monarchy of France who at the time that the revolution was happening was ruled by King Louis XVI and Marie Antoinette, and they were beheaded by the French middle class and a new form of government was established. That is a pretty big change in the ruling of a country and from there Napoleon would come into power and more war would come to France.
Another way the Enlightenment changed Western Europe was with the American Revolution in which America won their freedom from Great Britain. The founding fathers of America took many ideas from the Enlightenment and adopted them into the Constitution and the Bill of Rights. America revolted against Great Britain and won, and this would start Great Britain’s descendent as the most powerful country in the world and over time they would lose some of their other colonies.
The Industrial Revolution was an extremely important part of the world’s history and everything that we have now, we would not have if the Industrial Revolution hadn’t happened. Not only did it change the populations of people and allowed for more growth of populations, the Industrial Revolution would also lead to the changing of the Earth and would lead to it heating up more and to global warming. Yet when it was first starting out the Industrial Revolution mainly affected three things, and these things were land, labor, and capital.
The Industrial Revolution affected land because the factories were built in cities and the areas would be crowded. They built these factories in areas with a lot of people, so that they would be able to have workers. Most of the Industrial Revolutions happened in cities around the world. Also agriculture was able to grow more, because there were new machines to help make production faster so that more food can get out and spread to people across the country.
The Industrial revolution affected labor with how many people worked there and what they could get paid. Because at this time in history there were only so many jobs for people in cities, and there were big populations in cities, factories really flourished here. There would always be people who wanted to work at the factories and someone always needed a job, the owners of these factories could pay the workers the amount the wanted to which was generally small. And they were able to do this because there was always someone who wanted a job at the factory.
Capital is
The United Kingdom was and currently is a world power. It is one of the most powerful countries in the world and there are a lot of things that contribute to this. Two big factors a to why the United Kingdom is so powerful is because the United Kingdom had some many colonies around the world, and in fact ¼ of the world belonged to the U.K. The other reason as to why they are so powerful, is because the first Industrial Revolution happened in the United Kingdom.
A lot of factors play into why the Industrial Revolution started there and not in another country such as France or America. The United Kingdom had some things that the other countries did not. They had things such as a population growth, financial innovations, Enlightenment, trade routes and colonies, and the support of the government, amongst other reasons.
The populations of countries will rise and fall, and the timing of when this happens can truly affect a country for better or for worse, for Britain and the United Kingdom it happened at just the right time. The Industrial Revolution in the United Kingdom started in 1780 and ended roughly in 1850. Around this same time, there was a population growth in the United Kingdom between 1750 and 1850 and the population in England more than doubled according to thoughtco.com. A population growth then led to more people being able to work in the factories that were being built and there were more people to buy the products that were being created. Britain’s population growth happened at the right time.
During this time in the United Kingdom there were central banks and stock markets and having these would allow for an economic growth that the country could handle, because they were able to keep the growth in check. There was definite economic growth during the Industrial Revolution because people were buying more things, rather than just people making it in their own homes.
The Enlightenment that happened in Europe changed the
Where the United Kingdom is located, they are an island and have good access to different trade routes to the rest of Europe and to their colonies that are located all around the world. The colonies provide the United Kingdom with the materials they need in the factories to make the goods and serve as a market for these finished goods. Europe also provides numerous markets for the goods that are produced in the factories and it is close to the United Kingdom.
The support of the government in these endeavors of the country was one of the main reasons as to why the Industrial Revolution was able to happen and flourish as well as it did. To the people who were inventors, there were patents that were given out to protect them and their inventions which encouraged more creation of inventions.
SOCIALISM AND CAPITALISM CREATION DURING THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION
KARL MARX AND CAPITALISM
The Great Depression was one of the worst moments in America’s history because of how bad the market crashed and the amount of people that suffered from it. Many people during the Great Depression were not able to get jobs because of how bad the economy had crashed. The reason that the Great Depression happened was because of a series of events. It started with the crash of the stock market in October of 1929 and is known as Black Tuesday which led to the destruction of million of investors. Because of this crash consumer spending dropped, causing more investments to drop and industrialization slowed, and people were laid off. Banks had closed and in 1933 the Great Depression was at its lowest point.
The president that was dealing with the Great Depression at first was Herbert Hoover. His administration tried to support the banks that were failing and other institutions with government loans, and there was the hope that this would allow for banks to loan money to businesses and people would start getting hired. Hoover had the belief that the government should not really intervene with the economy and did not need to create jobs for America’s citizens. Then in 1933 Franklin D. Roosevelt was elected president and took action with America’s Great Depression. FDR created the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) to protect people’s bank accounts. The New Deal was one probably one of the biggest things that FDR did in his political career.