Abstract
This undertaking presents a plan and model usage of new home Automation framework that utilizations Wi-Fi innovation as a system foundation associating its parts. The proposed framework comprises of two fundamental segments; the initial segment is the server (web server), which presents framework center that Manages, controls, and screens clients' home. Clients and framework head can locally (LAN) or remotely (web) Oversee and control framework code. Second part is equipment interface module, which gives suitable interface to sensors and actuator of home Automation framework.
Not at all like the greater part of accessible home computerization framework in the market the proposed framework is versatile that one server can oversee numerous equipment interface modules as long as it exists on Wi-Fi organize scope. Framework bolsters an extensive variety of home robotization gadgets like power administration parts, and security Components.
The proposed framework is better from the versatility and adaptability purpose of View than the monetarily accessible home robotization frameworks.
1. INTRODUCTION
1.1 PROBLEM SUMMARY:
The project aims at designing an advanced home automation system using normal web server and Wi-Fi technology. The devices can be switched ON/OFF and sensors can be read using a Personal Computer (PC) through Wi-Fi.
Automation is the most frequently spelled term in the field of electronics. The hunger for automation brought many revolutions in the existing technologies. These had greater importance than any other technologies due to its user-friendly nature. These can be used as a replacement of the existing switches in home which produces sparks and also results in fire accidents in few situations. Considering the advantages of Wi-Fi an advanced automation system was developed to control the appliances in the house.
Wi-Fi (Short for Wireless Fidelity) is a wireless technology that uses radiofrequency to transmit data through the air. Wi-Fi has initial speeds of 1mbpsto 2mbps. Wi-Fi transmits data in the frequency band of 2.4 GHz. It implements the concept of frequency division multiplexing technology. Range of Wi-Fi technology is 40-300 feet.
The controlling device for the automation in the project is a Arduino UNO. The data sent from PC over Wi-Fi will be received by Wi-Fi module connected to Arduino UNO. Arduino UNO reads the data and decides the switching action of electrical devices connected to it through Relays .
Figure 1 : popularity of smart home in market
Source:
Andrea Zanella, Nicola Bui, Angelo Castellani, Lorenzo Vangelista, and Michele Zorzi,
“Internet of Things for Smart Cities”,
IEEE Internet of Things Journal, Vol. 1, No. 1, February 2014.
1.2 AIM & OBJECTIVES OF THE PROJECT:
▷ The automation system will have the ability to be controlled from a
Central host PC, the Internet, and also remotely accessed via Pocket PC with a Windows Mobile based application.
▷ The System will also sense the Accidental Gas leakage, water level and will notify the user by SMS.
▷ To construct a wireless home automation system controlled by a Smartphone specifically an android device.
▷ To design and implement cost effective home automation system yet an efficient one.
▷ To design a user friendly and a safe system to control home appliances especially aimed to aid elders and handicapped.
1.3 PLAN OF THE WORK:
Figure 2 : plan of the work
1.4 LITERATURE SURVEY :
▷ Potamitis, Georgila, Fakotakis, and Kokkinakis, G. (2003)
Audit of Foreign Studies
▷ In the year (2006) ,
S. M. Anamul Haque,S. M. Kamruzzaman and Md. Ashraful
"A System for Smart-Home Control of Appliances Based on Time and Speech Interaction".
▷ By Vikash Kumar (2007)
International Journal of Engineering and ComputerScience on Home Automation System Using Android and Wi-Fi.
▷ By Vaishnavi S. Gunge and Pratibha S. Yalagi (2003)
International Journal of Computer Application Smart Home Automation.
1.5 MATERIALS / TOOLS REQUIRED :
▷ ESP-8266 node MCU
▷ Android Phone
▷ Android Phone Application
▷ Some resistors
▷ Jumping wires
▷ 4-channel Relay Module
▷ Light Bulbs
▷ Bread board
▷ LED
▷ Small fan motor
▷ Block Connectors
2. COMPONENTS USED IN THE SYSTEM
2.1 ESP 8266 – NODEMCU:
Figure 7 : NODEMCU
NodeMCU is an open sourceIoTplatform. It includes Firmware which run so theESP8266Wi-FiSoCfromEspressif Systems, and hardware[ which is based on the ESP12 module. The term "NodeMCU" by default refers to the firmware rather than the dev kits. The firmware uses theLuascripting language. It is based on theLuaproject, and built on theEspressif Non-OS SDK for ESP8266. It uses many open source projects, such as luacjson,and spiffs.
HISTORY OF Node MCU:
NodeMCU was made soon after the ESP8266 turned out. On December 30, 2013, Espressif
Systems started generation of the ESP8266.The ESP8266 is a Wi-Fi SoC incorporated with a Tensilica Xtensa LX106 center, generally utilized as a part of IoT applications . NodeMCU began on 13 Oct 2014, when Hong conferred the primary document of NodeMCU-firmware to GitHub. After two months, the venture extended to incorporate an open-equipment stage when designer Huang R .
submitted the gerber document of an ESP8266 board, named devkit v0.9.Later thatmonth, Tuan PM ported MQTT customer library from Contiki to the ESP8266 Soc stage, and focused on NodeMCU venture, at that point NodeMCU could bolster the MQTT IoT convention, utilizing Lua to get to the MQTT specialist. Another imperative refresh was made on 30 Jan 2015, when Devsaurus ported the u8glib[to NodeMCU venture, empowering NodeMCU to effortlessly drive LCD, Screen, OLED, even VGA shows.
In summer 2015 the makers deserted the firmware venture and a gathering of autonomous yet committed benefactors assumed control. By summer 2016 the NodeMCU included more than 40 distinct modules. Because of asset limitations clients need to choose the modules applicable for their task and fabricate a firmware custom-made to their requirements .
Pins of Node MCU:
Node MCU provides access to theGPIO(General Purpose Input/output) and for developing purposes below pin mapping table should be referenced.
IO index
ESP8266 pin
IO index
ESP8266 pin
0 [*]
GPIO16
7
GPIO13
1
GPIO5
8
GPIO15
2
GPIO4
9
GPIO3
3
GPIO0
10
GPIO1
4
GPIO2
11
GPIO9
5
GPIO14
12
GPIO10
6
GPIO12
Features:
▷ 802.11 b/g/n
▷ Wi-Fi Direct (P2P), soft-AP
▷ Integrated TCP/IP protocol stack
▷ Integrated TR switch, balun, LNA, power amplifier and matching network
▷ Integrated PLLs, regulators, DCXO and power management units
▷ +19.5dBm output power in 802.11b mode
▷ Power down leakage current of <10uA
▷ 1MB Flash Memory
▷ Integrated low power 32-bit CPU could be used as application processor
▷ SDIO 1.1 / 2.0, SPI, UART
▷ STBC, 1×1 MIMO, 2×1 MIMO
▷ A-MPDU & A-MSDU aggregation & 0.4ms guard interval
▷ Wake up and transmit packets in < 2ms
▷ Standby power consumption of < 1.0mW (DTIM3)
Specification of ESP 8266:
▷ Wi-Fi Direct (P2P), soft-AP
▷ Integrated TCP/IP protocol stack
▷ Integrated TR switch, balun, LNA, power amplifier and matching network
▷ Integrated PLLs, regulators, DCXO and power management units
▷ 19.5dBm output power in 802.11b mode
▷ Power down leakage current of <10uA
▷ 1MB Flash Memory
▷ Integrated low power 32-bit CPU could be used as application processor Standby power consumption of < 1.0mW (DTIM3)
2.2 RELAY BOARD :
Figure 8 : RELAY BOARD
A hand-off is an electrical gadget which is for the most part used to control high voltages utilizing low voltage as an Input. This comprises of a curl wrapped around a shaft and a two little metal flaps(nodes) that are utilized to close the circuit. One of the hub is settled and other is mobile. At whatever point power is gone through the curl, it makes an attractive field and draws in the moving hub towards the static hub and the circuit gets finished. Along these lines, just by applying little voltage to control up
The curl we can really total the circuit for the high voltage to travel. Likewise, as the static hub isn't physically associated with the loop there is extremely Less shot that the Microcontroller fueling the curl gets harmed if Something turns out badly. This is Four Channel transfer board controlled by PC USB port. The usb Transfer board is with 4 SPDT transfers evaluated up to 10A each. You may control Gadgets 220V/120V (up to 4) straightforwardly with one such hand-off unit. It is completely Controlled by the PC USB port. Appropriate for home computerization applications,side interest ventures, mechanical computerization. The free programming permits to control Transfers physically, make clocks (week by week and schedule) and multivibrators, utilize Date and time for cautions or control from summon line. We give programming Cases in Lab see, .NET, Java, Borland C++, PythonFeatures:
▷ Power LED: Yes
▷ Relay LEDs: Yes High quality
▷ 4 SPDT Relay channels – selectable by user:
• JQC-3FC/T73 DC5V (7A / 250VAC, 10A / 125VAC, 12A / 120VAC, 10A /28VDC)
• RAS-05-15 (10A / 250VAC, 15A / 120VAC, 15A / 24VDC)
▷ PCB parameters: FR4 / 1.5mm / two layers / metalized holes / HAL / white
▷ stamp / solder mask / extra PCB openings for better voltage isolation /
▷ doubled high voltage tracks
▷ Power supply: from USB port
▷ Current consumption: 400 mA
▷ Chip: FT245RL
▷ Size: 77mm x 56mm x 17mm
▷ Supported by DRM software : Yes
▷ Supported by Denkovi Command line tool : Yes
▷ Android software available : Yes
Advantages:
▷ High quality
▷ Low cost
▷ No extra power supply
▷ Software with many functions
▷ Control electrical devices according weekday/date/time
▷ Create timers or pulses with our software
Applications:
▷ Home automation
▷ Robotics
▷ Timers
▷ Open doors and windows via PC
▷ Aquariums applications
Additional information :
This is transfer board with 4 SPDT Relays controlled from USB port of your PC. The principle reason for this USB transfer module is to help you constructing Ventures with respect to mechanical technology and home robotization. You may control Diverse electrical gadgets like home lights, DC engines, pneumatic Barrels, lasers et cetera. Each such board requires one USB port. The more USB ports you have the all the more such transfer units you may associate and control. .The hand-off module yields are controlled by FT245RL. It has 8 bit information yield Enlist (this gadget utilize just 4 of them). The usb hand-off card can't be Controlled straightforwardly through COM port – you have to download our DRM Software to Control the gadget. The usb transfer unit can't work without PC. Just a single such Gadget can be provided from single USB port. On the off chance that you need to supply some such Gadgets you require USB HUB with additional power supply.
2.3What Is Blynk????
Figure 9: BLYANK APP
Blynk is a Platform with iOS and Android applications to control Arduino, Raspberry Pi and the preferences over the Internet.
Blynk was intended for the Internet of Things. It can control equipment remotely, it can show sensor information, it can store information, imagine it and do numerous other cool things. It's a computerized dashboard where you can assemble a realistic interface for your task by just moving gadgets. It's truly easy to set everything up and you'll begin tinkering in under 5 mins. Blynk isn't attached to some particular board or shield. Rather, it's supporting equipment of your decision. Regardless of whether your Arduino or Raspberry Pi is connected to the Internet over Wi-Fi, Ethernet or this new ESP8266 chip, Blynk will prepare you on the web and for the Internet of Your Things
Setting Up Widgets in Blynk App .
Figure 10 : SETTING OF BLYNK APPLICATION
Figure 11 : SETTING OF BLYNK APPLICATION
2.4 LED (LIGHT EMMITING DIODE) :
A light-emitting diode (LED) is a two-lead semiconductor light source. It is a p–n junction diode that emits light when activated. When a suitable current is applied to the leads, electrons are able to recombine with electron holes within the device, releasing energy in the form of photons. This effect is called electroluminescence, and the color of the light (corresponding to the energy of the photon) is determined by the energy band gap of the semiconductor. LEDs are typically small (less than 1 mm2) and integrated optical components may be used to shape the radiation pattern.
Appearing as practical electronic components in 1962, the earliest LEDs emitted low-intensity infrared light. Infrared LEDs are still frequently used as transmitting elements in remote-control circuits, such as those in remote controls for a wide variety of consumer electronics. The first visible-light LEDs were of low intensity and limited to red. Modern LEDs are available across the visible, ultraviolet, and infrared wavelengths, with very high brightness.
Early LEDs were often used as indicator lamps for electronic devices, replacing small incandescent bulbs. They were soon packaged into numeric readouts in the form of seven-segment displays and were commonly seen in digital clocks. Recent developments have produced LEDs suitable for environmental and task lighting. LEDs have led to new displays and sensors, while their high switching rates are useful in advanced communications technology.
LEDs have many advantages over incandescent light sources, including lower energy consumption, longer lifetime, improved physical robustness, smaller size, and faster switching. Light-emitting diodes are used in applications as diverse as aviation lighting, automotive headlamps, advertising, general lighting, traffic signals, camera flashes, lighted wallpaper and medical devices.They are also significantly more energy efficient and, arguably, have fewer environmental concerns linked to their disposal.
A 4x zoom photo of an ultra-violet LED has been shown in picture.
Figure 12: LED
Unlike a laser, the color of light emitted from an LED is neither coherent nor monochromatic, but the spectrum is narrow with respect to human vision, and for most purposes the light from a simple diode element can be regarded as functionally monochromatic.
3. Design: Analysis, Design Methodology andimplementation strategy
3.1 AEIOU Summary :
Figure 3 : AEIOU SHEET
▷ The home mechanization framework needs to work in where in its encompassing there will be different field, for example, library, course lobby, lodgings and so forth
▷ As the home robotization framework is made to control and work different electrical types of gear, for example, tube light, fan, night light, aeration and cooling system.
▷ Therefore it is important that home mechanization ought to be set adjacent the above hardware.
▷ During the study of this undertaking when we had the connection with the clients with discovered them doing different exercises like cooking, staring at the TV, swimming.
▷ Before the development of home computerization framework there were a few issues looked by the clients, for example, manual operation of electrical machines through switch board, low nature of switch board danger of getting stun through it.
▷ The home computerization framework has been made to overcome previously mentioned issues.
▷ It will give an awesome simplicity to ordinary client as well as to incapacitate individuals and senior individuals.
3.2 Empathy Mapping Canvas :
Figure 4 : Empathy Mapping Canvas
▷ The given system will provide comfort and ease to many users such as engineers, business men, doctors, builders, bankers etc.
▷ As this system is made to operate and control various electrical equipments such as light, fan, A.C., etc. It will find its use at various places like hotels, societies, college etc.
▷ Before the invention of this system there were many problems regarding with the manual operation of electrical appliances through switch board. The given system will overcome those problems regarding to manual operation through switch board thus will provide easiness and comfortably to users.
3.3 Ideation canvas :
Figure 5 : Ideation canvas
▷ The home automation system will target main users such as students, engineers, entrepreneurs etc.
▷ The current problem of low range due to the Bluetooth module HC-05 can be overcome with the advanced technologies
3.4 Product Development Canvas :
Figure 6 : Product Development Canvas
▷ The fundamental reason for making the framework to defeat the issue of manual operation and making the operation and control of apparatuses completely programmed.
▷ This framework will expel all the switch sheets. This framework is extremely easy to use hence senior individuals and cripple individuals can likewise deal with it.
▷ The arduino controller which is use in this framework will get the flag from thclients and send it to particular transfer channel to work that electrical machine.
▷ Thedifferent machines of home will be associated with transfer channels and the contribution of hand-off channel will be associated with the arduino controller which will be taken care of by Bluetooth module while sending a flag from android utilization of home computerization
4.CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
Figure 13 : CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
5.ARDUINO PROGRAM
/* Comment this out to disable prints and save space */
#define BLYNK_PRINT Serial
#include <ESP8266WiFi.h>
#include <BlynkSimpleEsp8266.h>
// You should get Auth Token in the Blynk App.
// Go to the Project Settings (nut icon).
char auth[] = "95ec4bbdec24439f95c9673a811dbeff";
// Your WiFi credentials.
// Set password to "" for open networks.
char ssid[] = "DP";
char pass[] = "darpit123";
void setup()
{
// Debug console
Serial.begin(9600);
Blynk.begin(auth, ssid, pass);
// You can also specify server:
//Blynk.begin(auth, ssid, pass, "blynk-cloud.com", 8442);
//Blynk.begin(auth, ssid, pass, IPAddress(192,168,1,100), 8442);
}
void loop()
{
Blynk.run();
}
6. Hardware Implementation
Figure 14: HARDWARE PROTOTYPE
▷ In the hardware we connect ESP 8266 node MCU unit with the bread board.
▷ Give 5V supply from mobile cable and
▷ We connect the LEDS and buzzer for indication of the on off command which is given by mobile devise .
▷ On the blynk application take the 3 buttons for usage .
▷ On the ESP8266 module and connect it with mobile through the WIFI and HOTSPOT connectivity.
▷ When the ESP8266 module joins to mobile we play blynk application.
▷ Give on off commands to button than ESP 8266 module will on and off the LEDs and buzzer
Figure 15: HARDWARE PROTOTYPE (B)