Introduction
After the medieval period, the role of the art was hugely influenced by the developing scientific knowledge in the Renaissance, and later art period, such as Baroque style changed its form from the idealistic pattern into the most dynamic and emotional taste. In the Rococo period, the art is no longer focused on the developing art itself, but also highly connected to the enjoyment of the citizens. This paper will start with the different features of three periods of arts such as the sculptures in the Renaissance, then introduce the sculpture in the Baroque period, and finally mention the paintings in the Rococo period.
The sculptures in the Renaissance
Interestingly, we can see many statues in the different period of history, and these are good examples of improvements and developments of the science and expression style of them. For example, there were two David statues in the Renaissance, which were made by Donatello in the early period of Renaissance (Harris & Zucker, 2017), and Michelangelo in the later period of Renaissance.
Although the first one was relatively small compared to the later one, Donatello’s statue clearly presented his muscles and bones under the surface which intensely reflect the anatomical knowledge of the human body. Besides, relaxed posture indicated that the artists in this period could convey their scientific knowledge of lines and shapes. Moreover, this statue could display the emotional expression through the relaxed face and posture, the existence of the Goliath’s head underling his left feet as well. On the other hand, Michelangelo’s David specified the beauty of the statue, which obviously shaved with quiet but muscular curves, and this statue was embellished with natural asymmetric posture using the marble materials. These sculptures were carefully characterized with realistic human figure, and conveyed the strong favor of naturalism in the Renaissance period.
The sculpture in the Baroque period
In the Baroque period, the arts that reflected the synthesized realistic human anatomy and scientifically detailed skills in the Renaissance were breathed, and suddenly started moving as if they were real creatures. Is was obvious that the Baroque arts were described with the active and complex diagonal lines, beautiful rotational movement, sense of exaggerated asymmetrical posture. We could see these features in the statue of David made by Bernini (Harris & Zucker 2017). This sculpture also depicted the real human body, but the most of features were different from that of the Renaissance because of the details. Adapting the effect of light and dynamic diagonal line, Bernini embellished the sculpture as a moving art. This art slightly broke the common sense of the sculpture which inherited from ancient not only Greek and Rome but also Renaissance.
The paintings of the Rococo period
Comparing other two periods, the Rococo period in France was characterized by the changing value of the arts, this might exemplify the shift of the patrons from the monarchy to the nobles and wealthy citizens. The main trait of the art in this period was the relaxed mood of the art that portrayed with the pastel color and blurred lines. “The Swing” was a representative example of the art in this period, and this painting could send the message to each person (i.e., what do you think or feel?) (Harris & Zucker 2017). It was not too much to say that this art implied that people no longer focused on the accurate good-looking work itself, and set off pursuing deeper human enjoyment by using the inherited previous knowledges and skills.
Conclusion
In this paper, we reviewed three species of art respectively, and it was easy to recognize that there was a sequential contribution from each previous period. It was longitudinal and slow change, but tremendously influenced by the transition of the patrons, and the value of the art was usually reformed by the social needs. These backgrounds were always influenced the characteristic of the art.