Essay: The structure of Canada’s Government

The government of Canada is under the federal administration. Which is a federal parliamentary democracy system that is under a constitutional monarchy. The constitutional monarchy was established through the Constitution Act of 1867. In Canada’s constitution, it consists of written statues, court rulings, customs and judicial decisions. The Constitution Act of 1867 and 1982 created the federation of four provinces and other amendments that was recently amended in 2011.In the Executive Branch Canada’s head of state is represented by the governor general Davis Johnson, he took his place in office on October 1st, 2010. Queen Elizabeth II is the March, she took the leadership in 1952. The Prime Minister Justin Pierre James Trudeau is the head of government and took office on November 4th, 2015.
The Cabinet is made up of federal ministers who are all appointed by the prime minister from members of his party in parliament. The monarchy is a position that is inherited and responsible for the appointment of the Governor-General after the advice of the prime minister and serve for five years. After Parliamentary elections, the Governor-General selects the prime minister who is the leader of the majority party in the House of the Commons.
Canada has a bicameral parliamentary system, which includes the Senate and the House of Commons. In the legislative branch, the senate members are appointed by the governor-general but is being advised by the Prime Minister. There is a total of 105 senators and may serve up to the age of 75 years. The House of Commons is made up of 338 seats whose members are elected from the constituencies by a vote majority and can serve for a maximum of four years. Elections for the House of Commons will not take place in Canada until 2019.
The Supreme Court serves as the highest court and is made of the chief of justice and eight judges. Before 1949, appeals that were beyond the Supreme Court could be heard by Canada’s Judicial Committee of the Privy Council in London.
The country abolished any appeals that go beyond the supreme court in 1949. The prime minister appoints the chief justice and the judges of the Supreme Court. The judges are able to serve for life with a retirement of 75 years. Canada’s legislative power is divided into two parts. The parliament of the provincial government and the parliament of the federal government. The provincial level can only pass laws that are reserved to them in the constitution such as the provincial officers, education, municipal governments and charitable institutions. Federal parliament can pass laws such as criminal laws, navigation and shipping, copyrights and more.
Many of Canada’s immigrants decide to settle in Toronto. The city of Toronto has a growing number of visible minorities. In growing Canadian communities in Ontario and British Columbia, Caucasians are considered as the minorities. Recent immigration in Canada has pushed the number of Canadians that are classified as minorities above five million, but that is only 16.2% of Canada’s total population, most of Canada’s population is of Caucasian race. Canada admits over 250,000 immigrants are year. Canada is a very big country but immigration is concentrated in the smallest cities located in Canada.
If Canada wanted to turn into an authoritarian regime, citizens would have little or no part in the political process. Based on the characteristics of having an authoritarian regime, the supremacy of the state, collective society and changing leadership would have to be portrayed to become an authoritarian country. Citizens actions would be controlled and would not be allowed to question government policies or the actions of government officials. Media would be owned or controlled by the state. Canada is very open to having immigrants in their country for now, they allow over 200,000 immigrants a year but in order to have a successful regime change they would be very strict on immigration laws, there would most likely be no type of legal immigration process Citizens would not have the option to select their leader for their country.
The structure of Canada’s current democracy structure would also have a big change, there would no longer be two parts for the government. The government would become very small and only have opinions from several government officials. They would no longer allow 105 senators and 338 seats from the House of Commons, the ruler would run most of the country.
There would have to be no type of representation in Canada because the government would have to be formed with a minority vote, under the post system. Federal political parties would no longer be able to receive financial subsidies from the Canadian government. Overall, Canada’s government would probably have a lot of malfunctioning if they did try to change their government and many citizens would not be happy with the change and would most likely have a hard time leaving the country.