“>Reinforced concrete structural walls / Shear Wall”;
1.1 General
Reinforced concrete structural walls are generally recognized as efficient lateral force resisting systems for multi-story buildings, due to their ability to control drift demand under service load conditions as well as their inherent ductility capacity under ultimate seismic conditions. For seismic loads, structural walls should be designed to have (i) dependable shear strength larger than the largest possible shear force demand, (ii) chosen wall geometry not prone to lateral instability, and (iii) individual flexural reinforcement capable of sustaining large reversible strain cycles without buckling. With appropriate detailing and application of capacity design principles, large displacement ductility as well as excellent energy dissipation can be developed in structural walls.
Structural Analysis
Structural analysis is a process to analyze a structural system to predict its responses and behaviors by using physical laws and mathematical equations. The main objective of structural analysis is to determine internal forces, stresses and deformations of structures under various load effects.
Structural Design
Structural design can be defined as a mixture of art and science, combining the engineer’s feeling for the behavior of structure with a sound knowledge
Introduction
IES IPS ACADEMY INDORE 3
of principles of statics, dynamics, mechanics of materials, and the structural analysis, to produce a safe, economical structure that will serve its intended purpose.
Shear wall
Reinforced concrete buildings often have vertical plate-like RC walls is called Shear walls. Shear walls are like vertically-oriented wide beams that carry earthquake or wind loads and transfer them downwards to the foundation. These walls generally start at foundation level and are continuous throughout the building height. Their thickness can be as low as 150mm or as high as 400mm in high rise buildings. Shear walls are usually provided along both length and width of buildings. Most RC buildings with shear walls also have columns. These columns primarily carry gravity loads and shear walls are designed to carry lateral loads. Shear walls provide large strength and stiffness to buildings in the direction of their orientation, which significantly reduces lateral sway of the building and thereby reduces damage to structure and its contents.
Behavior of shear wall
Shear walls usually have a rectangular cross section, when a wall is provided monolithically between the columns, a barbell shape results. The columns that are present at either ends of the wall are termed as boundary elements. They increase the strength of the wall in flexure and shear significantly. Flanged wall sections result due to intersecting walls.
Introduction
IES IPS ACADEMY INDORE 4
Depending on the height-to-width ratio, a shear wall may behave as a slender wall, a squat wall or a combination of the two. Slender shear walls usually have a height-to-width ratio greater than 2. They behave like a vertical slender cantilever beam. Ye primary mode of deformation is bending; shear deformations are small and can be neglected. Flexural strength usually governs the design of such walls. Squat shear walls usually have a height-to-width ratio less than half. They show significant amount of shear deformation as compared to bending deformation. Shear strength usually governs the design of shear walls.
During a severe earthquake, a shear wall that has very high strength may respond in a fully elastic manner. However, it is uneconomical to construct such walls. Ideally, shear walls should respond in a ductile manner. This can be achieved by proper detailing so as to make them capable of undergoing large inelastic deformations and dissipating seismic energy.
Stability of the structural wall
The phenomenon of inelastic buckling of structural walls under reversed cyclic loading is admittedly complex, for tractable solutions, appropriate simplifications must be made. A basic understanding of the inelastic buckling of walls may be provided by a cyclic axially loaded reinforced concrete column, the response of which is assumed to be representative of the high tension/compression region of the wall.
Introduction
IES IPS ACADEMY INDORE 5
1.2 Objective of the study :
The study aims to determine the thickness of shear wall for different reinforcement suitable for the different story.
To study the behavior of building with and without shear wall.
To study the effect of boundary element on building and its performance during earthquake.
To carry out the pushover analysis on shear wall so as to obtain the base shear and displacement that can be compare with and without edge column.
1.3 Organization of study :
(First chapter) deals with the introduction of the project. The topic is introduced and objectives of the study are explained.
(Second chapter) describes the literature review, that has been done so as to carry out the work.
(Third chapter) contains the methodology used in study. The methodology is explained in the detail with the description of the models used for work are provided.
(Fourth chapter) explains the results obtained. Suitable graphs are shown with their explanation.
Finally, (the Fifth chapter) contains the conclusions of the study and the future scope of the work.