Cultural and Artistic Education: Architecture assignment 1
USE YOUR OWN WORDS!
1: A. Look up background information on the Egyptian architecture and culture.
● Who?
Never known/proven
● What?
Pyramids and sphinx
● Where?
– in Egypt
● When?
– between 2670bc en 664bc
● How?
–
Core= The central or innermost part
Stonemasons= One that prepares and lays stones in building.
Scaffolding= Materials used for constructing A raised wooden framework or platform.
● Why?
-pyramids were mainly build as graves for the rich people, they were buried with their
most expense positions because when they were reborn they would have enough money
to live happily.
B. How and why does the architecture look that way?
–
The architecture looks this way because it had to be very big and shiny because the
Egyptians loved that (as you can read a little further)
C. How does Egyptian architecture pertains to these Elements of design?
Egyptians were all about having the maximum amount of glittery goodness, especially when it
came to death.
And since the Pyramids were the tombs of the pharaohs, they made sure they were the biggest,
most sparkly things of all. The original outside consisted of smooth, white limestone that hid the
layers of brick, giving the effect that a pyramid was one giant solid piece.
That outer part was then polished. It was said that they could be seen from miles away, even
during the night.
Of course that wasn't enough, so the capstone was then plated in gold or electrum (mixture of
gold and silver).
All the things above come from the ancient time and as you can see there are a lot of similarities
2: A. Look up background information on the Aztec architecture and culture.
● Who?
– The aztecs
● What?
– Aztec temples are simple and elegant, the temples were the masterpieces of the aztec empire (Also
called step pyramids. But of course there are much more things made by the aztects. The temples
were made to honor a god/religious centre
● Where?
– In mexico
● When?
– The first know pyramid by the aztecs was build between 100BC and 400BC
● How?
-The pyramids were builld over different pyramids. Materials used are for example: Stone and Stucco
● Why?
-To honor gods and as a religious centre
B. How and why does the architecture look that way?
This is an aztec temple, the temple itself is the building on the pyramid, the temple is higher in the
sky.
C. How does Aztec architecture pertains to these Elements of design?
● Form: Like a step pyramid
● Decoration (Pattern, texture): a step pyramid with a temple at the top
3: A. Look up background information on the Greek architecture and culture.
● Who?
– Greeks
● What?
– Temples, Acropolis
● Where?
– In Greece
● When?
– Depends on the building but mainly around 2500Bc
● How?
– Using mainly stones
● Why?
– To honor gods (most temples are named after a god)
B. How and why does the architecture look that way?
The architecture looks this way becuase, of the greek culture.
C. How does Greek architecture pertains to these Elements of design?
Doric
The Doric style is rather sturdy and its top (the capital), is plain. This style was used in mainland
Greece and the colonies in southern Italy and Sicily.Ionic
The Ionic style is thinner and more elegant. Its capital is decorated with a scroll-like design (a
volute). This style was found in eastern Greece and the islands.Corinthian
The Corinthian style is seldom used in the Greek world, but often seen on Roman temples. Its
capital is very elaborate and decorated with acanthus leaves.
Cultural and Artistic Education: PO 4 Architecture assignment pt. 2
USE YOUR OWN WORDS! ANWSER THE QUESTIONS INDIVIDUALY.
A. Answer these questions on Aqueduct Pont du Gard:
◼ How long did it take to build the aqueduct?
It is thought that the construction of the aqueduct started around the year AD 40 and
was completed in about fifteen years.
◼ How did they build it – techniques?
as a barrel
◼ Why doesn’t it collapse?
.
Because a the pressure is devided and not on 1 block
◼ Why did the city of Nimes merit such an aqueduct?
◼ Is the aqueduct only used for the transportation of water?
No, it is also a tourist atraction nowedays and in the middle ages it was used as a toll
bridge
◼ Problems for the future?
The stones expended a little because of the heat of the sun
B. Make an informative A4 poster in which you clarify the
difference between Romanesque and Gothic architecture.
Name at least 5 elements in which they differ.
Show these differences in proper pictures with captions.
Inside an romanesque church Inside an gothic church
outside an romanesque church outside of a gothic church
Romanesque art Gothic art
the major differences are:
Romanesque: Religion (bring people closer to god), lot of symbols, artists were good craftsman
Gothic: related to renaissance (cities, economic, peace), not only churches were build but also
palaces by rich nobelman (the places were decorated with paintings), portraits were very
important
Cultural and Artistic Education: Architecture assignment pt. 3
USE YOUR OWN WORDS! WORK INDIVIDUALY.
VI Renaissance, Baroque and Rococo
1. From the renaissance period onward, artists signed their products – something they did not do
during the Middle Ages. Explain what change in the way people saw themselves is exemplified by
this.
– Because in the renaissance humanism was a big thing, humanism is showing of your
talents. So to show people who painted the painting, more and more painters started to
sign their work.
2. Look at source 2.18 and 2.19 Explain the term ‘Renaissance’, using these two buildings.-
– Which source??
3. The churches of the baroque period were meant to seriously impress the visitors. Explain how the
architects and decorators tries to achieve that effect.
– By adding a lot of details to the building
4. In what way is the Rococo different from the Baroque period?
– Rococo is; a softer style that expresses free, gracefull movenment, playfull use of line and
delicate colors.
VII 19thcentury historical styles
5. Read the following opinion: “The architecture of the Baroque and Rococo periods can be seen as a
cause of the French Revolution”. Give an argument from the text to support this statement.
– Which text?!
6. Explain the popularity of the so called neo-styles in the 19
th century.
VIII Modern architecture
7. Explain the term ‘modernists’.
– a person who thinks in an modern way, an artist who makes a deliberate break with
previous styles.
8. Why do you think the modernists received quite a few commissions for working class housing
campaigns and much fewer commissions for building villa’s and mansions for the rich?
–
9. Use source 2.24. What ideals of the modernists are reflected in this design by Tony Garnier?
– Which source???
10. Is our school built as a skeleton frame? Explain your answer.
– No because the picture below is a skeleton frame, and our school defenitly doesn’t look
like this