The Attitude of psychology to sensation and feelings considered as psychical element is naturally, the attitude of psychology at large”
– Wilhelm Wundt
Introduction
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Attitude is the psychological tendency, stated by assessing a particular entity with some degree of favour or disfavour. A person’s attitudes are changed by the other person’s to act in one certain behaviour. Attitude at a workplace is very important for organisation in future success. Attitudes are the basis of emotional experiences and affective or and could be seen as cognitive structures that represent previous experience. By reflecting more deeply-held beliefs at the organisational and societal level this enables attitudes to be influenced by the overall cultural context.
Changes in the work environment have brought about changes in the nature of work, which has in turn influenced the way attitudes to work. Also, the role of social environments has been under-emphasised in research into attitude. So, there is a need to discover which facets of the job satisfaction construct are more important for general job satisfaction and how the broader social environment has influenced the importance of these facets.
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Literature review
A person attitude is how he perceives a given object situational and his emotional analysis and behaviour towards a situation in the sight manner. Attitude consists of their components which are cognitive and component which is the description or beliefs in the way things go and secondly there is affective component which is the emotional segment of attitude involve are interrelated with each other.
The components of Attitude are:
Cognitive: This represents a person’s beliefs, thoughts and ideas around something. Naturally, these come to light in stereotypes and generalisations.
Affective: This represents emotion or feelings that are brought to the surface from something, such as hate or panic.
Conative: This could be also called as the behavioural component and way of individuals acting a certain way towards something.
In the order cognitive affective, and behavioural components take place. There are two motivator’s intrinsic and extrinsic motivators. Intrinsic motivators are those factors related to the passion and interest an employee has in his work, extrinsic motivators are those which are the external factors affecting the person in a work environment like his personal aspects and promotions.
Psychologically empowered employee will remain in the organisation and be more committed towards his work and company. Job satisfaction is how happy a person is with his job and the positive feeling one gets analysing the characterises of his job. Job involvement means how involved a person is in his job activities. There are three types of commitments one which is affective commitment which is linked to the emotional factor i.e. why an employee is working so dedicatedly to his organisation. Then comes the Continuance commitment where an employee is committed to work with monetary factors which makes him sustain in the organisation and finally the normative commitment is obligatory in nature where an employee is bound or forced to work in the same organization due to employer’s problem as he needs the employer.
Workplace attitudes have an effect on every person in the company, from the employees or workers to the company owner. Attitudes help to develop the usual workplace environment that determines employee productivity, team-building abilities and self-esteem. To understanding how negative and positive attitudes affect the workplace is an important tool in creating a harmonious workplace.
The organization’s workplace physiological attitude towards an individual should be focuses on equality of policies and practices. The physiological attitude of the organization should be very concerned towards their employees.
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In an organisation, attitude is a satisfaction and commitment, which indicate whether individuals will be affectively work to an institution or would quit the job, are very necessary.
Commitment attitudes could turn or influence to lead commitment behaviour. Organisational commitment is basically a psychological attachment to the organisation. Commitment is considered an emotional reward and primary motive for remaining together. At the time of application of radical change that require changes to values and attitudes, normative and continuance commitment are not sufficient, more affective commitment of touch is necessary.
Job satisfaction, defined as a pleasurable emotional state resulting from the appraisal of one’s job, is considered as a combination of attitudes about various aspects of facets of the job, which form the overall job satisfaction construct. Poor job satisfaction up into extrinsic elements affecting behaviour and intrinsic elements affecting values, beliefs and attitudes. Changes in the work environment have brought about changes in the nature of work, which has in turn influenced the way attitudes to work have been studied in the social sciences. Also, the role of social environments has been under-emphasised in research into attitude. So, there is a need to discover which facets of the job satisfaction construct are more important for general job satisfaction and how the broader social environment has influenced the importance of these facets.
Values and Ethics of an Individual behaviour is directed by moral beliefs. Morality is the standards that an individual or a group has about what is right and wrong, or good and evil. Values exist and are communicated through social connections and may vary in different cultures and different ethics. Ethical means accepted standards in terms of one’s personal and social welfare.
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In an organizational, group behavior and groupthink and are the most important concepts as to come together as a group of majority and form a union in the organization for their culture and communication.
Group behavior needs to be inculcated in organizations for the simple reason that employees must conform to the rules and regulations that runs the company. Thus, there is a need for consistency and uniformity in the way organizational group behavior need to be formed. To this end, group behavior and groupthink must be encouraged by the HRD function as a means to ensure cohesiveness in the organization.
Discussion
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Literature suggests that fulfilment of employees’ spiritual needs of meaning and community is positively associated with employees’ organizational commitment.
The psychological attitude of an individual is also depend on their gender, age, marital and service experience.
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Work attitude that influence work behaviour will be, to take care of the employees and fulfil the needs. The prevailing workplace attitude adds validation to events that occur within workplace. For e.g., if there is always usual negative attitude, drop in revenue statement is not met with expectation rather than creating quick process to do. The business process is not working properly and must be rectified sense in the same statement of the workplace with a positive attitude. The usual positive thinking in the situation of a bad news helps validate the teamwork the company in strong feeling of its developed.
Attitudes does not mainly create competition in the workplace, so they make use of the competitive environment. Distrust among employees causes when a negative attitude in the workplace creates an atmosphere and causes employees to make an attempt to achieve success in competing each other. Positive attitude in a workplace, always seen as a competition of motivator that inspires employees to improve and perform at their best to productivity.
In a small business, Staff creativity is important for coming up with creative solutions and developing new ideas to solve issues.
In positive workplace attitude encourages creativity among employees to feel that their ideas could be contributed to the success of the company. Whereas negative attitude restricts creativity as employees do not feel appreciative to contribute to the organisation growth.
One of the most direct effects in the workplace attitude is employee retention. Involved in company success happened when a positive workplace encourages employees. To become part of future company projects, employees invite career development. A negative attitude leads to degrades the company's ability to grow, which leads to low turnover and a loss of experienced staff members.
For example, in hospitality industry – On the basis of this Marriott founder once said, ‘Take good care of your employees and they'll take good care of the customers’. If this are the policies that Marriott offers, then it sure is the most elegant example is how the organisations are marching their marks towards employee friendly. And this concept made Marriott International the most employee friendly company in hospitality industry globally, and second is Four Seasons Hotels & Resorts.
I think a similar concept was first launched by Jamsetji Tata in The Taj Mahal Palace (of IHCL) in Mumbai, that takes care of the employees. Maintain and fulfil the needs of the employees, the first to treat Indians as equal to the Britishers and maintain an employee friendly attitude in the workplace. But over the years the Taj had a slow progress in this area as compared to other Hotel brands. To tackle this problem Rakesh Serna, the new CEO of Taj came with a new vision for the attitude change in the organisation behaviour. From then the Taj has taken its first step in more employee friendly concept.
Conclusion
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Thus in the last I would like to conclude that job satisfaction and job involvement is important for an employee in an organisation to sustain and be an asset to the company by serving on long term productive basis, also job satisfaction is linked to turnover as i.e. if employee is happy than he will come regularly to work and give his best.
Thus in the last I would like to conclude that job satisfaction and job involvement is important for an employee in an organisation to sustain and be an asset to the company by serving on long term productive basis, also job satisfaction is linked to turnover as i.e. if employee is happy than he will come regularly to work and give his best.
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