Referrals
A referral is the way someone gains access of a service. If someone was feeling unwell and needed a prescription to become better they would need access to a service such as a GP, they do this by calling and booking an appointment. There are three types of referrals that people use to gain access to a service these are:
• Self-referral
• Professional referral
• Third-party referral
Self-referral
Self-referral is when someone makes themselves a direct appointment or takes themselves to see a health or social care or early years care worker instead of approaching them through another professional care worker. For example, Childline is a type of self-referral this is because on their website they offer a page were children can send a direct message to one of the workers at Childline if they are facing an issue. Ways that children can access the service through self-referral is by emailing, calling, writing on message boards or by having an online chat on the Childline website . Another example of a service that provides self-referral is WHAM which is a local service in Sheffield that provides advice, help and gives support to people so that they overcome problems and addictions. WHAM is an example of self-referral as are more of a face to face service that someone can access by themselves.
Professional referral
Professional referral is when a professional care worker or a practitioner such as a GP refers their client to another professional care worker e.g. doctor who has specialised in specific types of conditions or illnesses that the client suffers from. On behalf of the client the professional care worker or the practitioner will make an appointment for the client, this is what’s called a professional referral. As well as being an example of a type of self-referral Childline can also be an example of professional referral. This is because if a child is being abused and has contacted Childline they can refer the child to a social worker to offer help and support for the child. If the issues is serious enough they can involve the police and offer counselling for the child. Another example of professional referral are teachers at school. If a child was being physically abused at school and decided to inform a teacher about it the teacher can refer this to the child protection officers in the school. They then can refer this to the police and involve social services and also refer this to a professional care worker if the child has any injuries.
Third-party referral
A third party referral is when an individual contacts a health or social care or early years care worker for someone else, this may be because they are unable to get help by themselves. An example of a third-party referral is if a child protection officer telephones a social worker because a child is not being treated properly by their carer. This shows third-party referral as the child protection officer is referring the problem to the social worker.
Barriers 15/01/16
Barrier Explanation with examples of barriers How children services overcomes and removes these barriers and how they impact (PIES) on the clients…
Physical barriers Physical barriers are when there are objects that stop someone from getting to where they want to go. An example of a physical barrier is if there was a wheelchair user and they wanted to enter a building but couldn’t because there were stairs which meant that they were unable to enter the building due to the lack of ramps. Another example is if there was an insufficiency of adapted toilets, this means that the service should provide toilets for individuals who may have a disability. This can act as a physical barrier as everyone is entitled to good sanitation which means that everyone, including people who have a disability, should be given the right facilities due to their disability. Children services like Lodge Moor Nursery can overcome physical barriers such as having stairs which become a barrier for children in wheelchairs or for parents with prams. This barriers can be removed by having a ramp which allows people in wheelchairs to enter the building. They can also overcome the physical barriers of providing toilets for individuals who have a disability by ensuring that they have the right sanitation facilities for everyone. These barriers can effect a client’s physical development as they are not able to enter the building but because this barrier has been removed the clients is able to enter. Intellectually, these barriers can affect the client as there may be children in wheelchairs that attend the nursery and if this barrier wasn’t removed the child wouldn’t be able to improve and develop their learning. Another way that this barrier can affect the client is emotionally this is because the child may feel left out that they are unable to use the stairs like the other children. Also it can effect children who may have a disability as they may feel different because they are not able to use the same facilities as the other children and can lead them to feel left out, effecting their social development.
Psychological barriers Psychological barriers is the way someone thinks about something or someone that makes them want to avoid it. Having an irrational fear or phobia can act as a psychological barrier because someone may have a fear of going to a health service as they may not enjoy going. This can cause the person to be left untreated as they could have an injury or had become ill. Another example of a psychological barrier is the fear of losing independence because they may think that because they have either a disability or an illness they are not able to do things themselves and don’t want to be looked after others. Children services can overcome psychological barriers by ensuring that they have a gentle approach to their clients so that they don’t have irrational fears or phobias. By overcoming this barrier it can intellectually effect the client as they will start to think more positively about the service. Also overcoming this barrier can affect the client emotionally because they would no longer have a phobia of the service. Children services can also overcome other psychological barriers such as the client not wanting to be looked after by others by giving them independence to do things on their own. Overcoming this barrier can intellectually affect someone as they would be learning to do things independently and also can affect them emotionally because they would gain confidence in themselves because they are able to do things on their own.
Financial barriers Financial barriers is about the cost to access the service. For instance, an induvial may have a lack of money to access the service as the charges and fees may be too expensive for them to pay. This can cause them to not to able to have the right treatment that they need, especially if they are required a certain type of surgery but the expense is too high. Leading on from this point a client may require a certain medical prescription but may not be able to afford the price so they won’t be able to have the medicine they need. Another example of a financial barrier is if there is a client who lives far away from the service and requires frequent visits to the service but are not able to afford the transport costs for the journey. This barrier can affect the client as they will not be able to access the service due to the expense of the transport. These financial barriers can be overcome by children services by lowering the cost of the fees or by the government paying for some of the money for the charges. Overcoming this barrier and effect the client’s development as it will become more affordable for them to pay for their treatments. This can affect them physically as they won’t have any illnesses or diseases because they have the right treatment and are able to buy their medical prescriptions. If children services overcome financial barriers the can affect the clients intellectually because if parents are able to pay for their children to go to a day nursery the child will be able to have and education and increase their knowledge. Emotionally this can also be affected as they would feel less stressed about having to pay money. Children services can also overcome financial barriers for transport by building services in areas where there may not be any or by a mobile surgery visit the area every month or so, so that the client won’t have to travel very far for medical support or treatment.
Geographical barriers Geographical barriers are about how far or how near someone lives to the service and it is also about how often they are able to make appointments. An example of this would be if someone lived in a rural area where facilities were limited and frequent transport wasn’t available. This example of a geographical barrier can cause them to not be able to get the treatment they need as the facilities are limited in the area. Because of this they would have to travel a long distance to a service that provides them with the right treatment they need, if they are travelling with children the children would become tired and restless. These geographical barriers can be overcome as children services can provide services in rural areas where there are not very many services. When these barriers are overcome it can accept the physical development of the people in the area as they have more of a better can of being treated when they are ill because there will be more services available. Intellectually it can be affected as more nurseries and schools could be built for the children instead of them having to travel very far for school.
Cultural and language barriers Cultural and language barriers are about how the information about the service is understandable for people. For example if there was someone who didn’t understand English very well and had received a leaflet saying that they had to have an vaccination they probably wouldn’t understand it as it is not in the persons own language. Because of this they will not be able to know what is available to them to ensure that they are healthy. Also another way this barrier prevents people from the care they need as people may avoid coming to places where they have to speak in English because they are not very fluent in it. As well as this because of some peoples cultures they may not like having a professional who is the same sex as them as they may not feel very comfortable. These barriers can be overcome if services made sure that leaflets are translated so that it is not all English also they can also provide a professional the same sex as the client. Overcoming these barriers can affect the development of the client because intellectually they are able to understand the leaflet because it has been translated to their own language. Emotionally this may affect them because they would feel happy and comfortable with the service as it is suited for their culture, and socially it can affect them as they will be able to communicate with the doctor /professional.
Resource barriers Resource barriers are when the service may not have enough facilities and supply for their clients. An example of a resource barrier at nursery/early years’ service like Lodge Moor Nursery is that they shouldn’t have a lack of staff training as there may be a child with downs syndrome and their needs wouldn’t be met due to the lack of training. Another example would be if there was a shortage of staff and also a shortage of money to fund the service. Children services can overcome these barriers by ensuring that all the staff are proper trained to work with any child. This can affect the child’s intellectual development if they have a disability because staff have been trained properly to help increase the child’s knowledge. Emotionally this can help the child as they wouldn’t feel out because they don’t understand as there is someone there that is trained to help him learn new skills and abilities.