VALUES & PRINCIPLES REPORT
Gemma Darkin
FEBRUARY 27, 2015
Carol Menzies
1.1 Analysing the needs of an individual using care services.
Care services aim to meet the needs of individuals requiring care, firstly these needs have to be identified by analysing the individual holistically. In the Case study Sandy has a number of needs that are not currently being met however a care plan is now being organised the aim being to address her needs. Using SPECCS which is a risk assessment model Sandy’s needs are broken down giving care services a reference to enable them to work on achieving each need.
Social needs – Sandy’s husband passed away ten years ago and since then she has lived alone, her family live far from her, some being overseas as she does not have much company she feels lonely.
Physical needs – Sandy also has arthritis and she uses a walking stick as getting round the house is a struggle is a smoker who is overweight these are all factors contributing to her breathlessness.
Emotional needs – Sandy is also showing traits of depression as she talks of sometimes crying thinking of how life used to be.
Cultural needs – As Sandy spends most time at home she is not interacting with people in the community like people of a similar age of Sandy nor people from other ages and background.
Cognitive needs – Sandy’s memory is not as good as it used to be forgetting names and faces can make her feel embarrassed Sandy also feels isolated.
Spiritual needs – Sandy does attend church but because of her memory this could become less regular.
As Sandy is keen to stay at home, Care services that she could be considered for could be:
(NHS) GP’s referral, An Occupational Therapist could come out to Sandy’s home to carry out a risk assessment to identify if any adaptions could be made around the house i.e. a stair lift for mobility or assisted furniture.
A Dietician could cater a diet plan for Sandy to help her lose weight which could help with the pressure in her joints and her breathlessness.
A Physiotherapist could recommend physical activities and give Sandy a plan of exercises to improve her joints which could alleviate some pain and discomfort from her arthritis.
Private Home Care, A carer could visit Sandy at home several times a day to help with day to day living in helping Sandy maintaining a clean home / cooking meals and the carer could help Sandy also with personal dressing and cleansing also administer Sandy’s medication or help organise it.
Voluntary, a befriender could help Sandy by assisting with any outing i.e. to the shops, church or a local café and day centres this could help build Sandy’s confidence in providing interaction and conversation the befriender could also help Sandy use a computer and email her family that way she can keep in touch and be able to send and receive pictures of her loved ones too.
1.2 Explaining the role of the care planning process in identifying needs.
A Health professional identifying Sandy’s needs would use the four stage nursing process when creating a care plan for Sandy the stages are
Assessing – A detailed assessment establishes the individuality of the patient to begin an effective care plan.
Planning- To solve identified actual problems and prevent recurrence of a treated problem if a problem can’t be solved then to alleviate it and make the client as comfortable as possible. Goals can be made short term or long term using SMART targets which states outcomes that are able to be observed, measured or tested so that evaluation can be made.
Implementation – The “doing” part of the plan where nurses propose interventions needed to achieve goals and make it clear what decision making has taken place to confirm the nursing intervention. The plan must be written in enough details so any nurse at handover knows exactly what to do.
Evaluation – The “crucial” part of the nursing process if such goals have not been met questions have to be asked, like has the goal been partially achieved? Is more information needed? Does an intervention need to be made from other members of the team?
The nursing process is needs led ensuring the nurse treats the patient as a whole and not the condition itself. Together with the nursing process using a nursing model can provide guidance and can outline a framework of nursing care such as the,
Roper, Logan & Tierney model revised in 1985 (12 Activities of Daily living)
1. Ability to maintain a safe environment
2. Communicating
3. Breathing
4. Eating and drinking
5. Eliminating
6. Personal dressing and cleansing
7. Controlling body temperature
8. Mobilising
9. Working and playing
10. Expressing sexuality
11. Sleeping
12. Dying
This plans care setting goals, these relate to how independent or dependent the patient is identified in the care plan. Goals should be patient centred/tailored to the patient’s needs and documented in a clear and ambiguous manner. Patients Goals are aimed at solving or alleviating actual problems and preventing or minimising potential problems.
1.3 Explaining features of a positive car practice, including values and principles.
The positive care environment approach – A person’s surroundings and conditions which they live in should be:
Therapeutic environment relates to where the care of the service users take place, good communications and relationships between staff and service users. Organisational environment being the management and staff how well they have been trained, supervised and supported in their development. Physical environment is the material factors, the building itself as well as the facilities including food, clothing and comforts provided to the service users. The community environment the families of the service users and the outside links to the community. These four strands are positive because they aim to create valuable, caring, relationships. A value “that which is worthy of esteem for its own sake”
The above four strands are positive because they aim to create valuable caring relationships using values and principles.
Dignity
Privacy
Choice
Safety
Realising potential
Equality and Diversity
1.4 Analysing positive care environments
A positive care environment is creating a care practice which brings benefits to the service user, benefits including empowerment, safeguarding of human rights and to maintain confidence on care professionals and standards. Positive care promotes health & wellbeing,, equality of opportunity and the rights and choice of the service users. The environment in which the care is given can be positive if utilized to provide a quality of life to a service user which is as fulfilling as possible
Relevant Legislation also acts as a framework for positive care as care workers would need to adhere to it to do their job effectively. Care workers have to be aware of prejudice and stereotyping to enable them to promote a positive care environment.
All services have to register with the care inspectorate and care companies have to apply to legislation as well as national care standards.
1.5 Legislation.
Legislation promotes a positive care environment because it acts as workplace policies in which workers have a legal obligation to abide by, therefor care workers have a responsibility to keep up to date with legislation in case of any changes (updating, accountability) examples of this could be promoting health and wellbeing and safeguarding human rights.
The Equality Act 2010 ensures everyone has the right to receive the same level of care regardless of Age, Gender, Race and Culture ensuring that no one is discriminated. This promotes positive care as it aims to treat everyone fairly.
The Health & Safety at Work Act 1974 ensures employers and employees work together to provide a safe working environment for themselves and others. This promotes positive care as it aims to give and promote care safely within the home or within services such as hospitals or residential homes
References
George Baker, Susan Gibb, Ellen Lancaster, Janet Miller (2007). Care in Practice for Higher. 2nd ed. Paisley: Hodder Gibson. 260.
Unknown author. (). Food Train. Available: http://www.renfrewshire.gov.uk/webcontent/home/services/social+care+and+health/services+for+older+people/swfoodtrain. Last accessed 26th Feb 2015.
Unknown author. (). Our services and support. Available: http://www.alzscot.org/services_and_support/day_services. Last accessed 26th Feb 2015.