NTRODUCTION
Technology has been growing at the speed of lightning. It brings a lot of benefits as well as the amount of risks in technology. There are many cybercrimes around the world and it is a fast-growing of crimes where it is activities where it is done by just using computers and the Internet. It can be said that it is an unlawful act wherein the computers either in tools, target or both. We can read from the newspapers and the news on television showing about the types of cybercrimes happening around the world. For example, spam, cloning of credit cards, cyberbullying and more. It is getting more and more criminals are abusing the convenience and speed of the Internet to carry out criminal activities that cause harm to people around the world (“Cybercrime / Cybercrime / Crime Areas / Internet / Home – INTERPOL”).
More and more people do not follow and respect the law that was created. Many trends are developing in cybercrimes with assessed costs to the worldwide economy which are running to billion dollars and more. Before that, cybercrimes were perpetrated mainly for a person or for small groups. The first cybercrime was recorded and took place in 1820 years back then. But nowadays, people are seeing cybercriminal networks can bring and unite people over the globe to commit crimes on a remarkable scale. Besides that, criminal organizations have been turning and increasing the way of the Internet where they encourage these activities to expand their benefits in a short time. However, cybercrimes are developing in line where they have opportunities to present them online. It has subsequently turned out to be more harm towards anything around the world.
SPAM
The various types of offences committed using Internet is spamming. Spam is the most annoying thing that can happen when using the Internet. It can be annoying but at the same time, people do not realize that it is actually illegal. An unauthorized access of a computer and sending numerous messages or emails are against the law. People do not care about the laws and that is why there are many people still receiving numerous messages on the Internet. Besides, not only spams are annoying but they are against the law where this act can carry a five-year sentence maximum provided that the purpose of the sender is spamming for commercial gain. In an overviews of Section 233, it states that “A man who starts a communication when utilizing any applications, whether using it continuously, amid which communication could possibly follow, with or without revealing his identity and his expectation to abuse, disturb, threaten or harass anyone at any electronic access, number and offence.” Other than that, in Section 233(1)(b) states that might be used to manage with unsolicited communications. Also, it might be a suitable section to manage the issues confronted by spamming activities (“Spam Laws”). For example, there was a case happened in Malaysia where the Communications and Multimedia Consumer Forum of Malaysia (CFM) chairman Ishak Ma’amunor Rashid said that there were 630 complaints were lodged with CFM in September 2015 compared with 511 complaints in 2014 and 513 complaints in 2013. It has increased a lot more than a few years back (“Spam SMS On The Rise In Malaysia, CFM Steps In”). Additionally, the impact of the users online is that it will steal all the useful information. For example, contact lists. Also, it will modify the search results on any web search tools. Email messages and important information will be gone or delayed. Spam will also cause crash mails and viruses will increase.
BLACKMAIL
Next, the other type of offences is blackmail. Blackmail can happen in many ways that people use the Internet to force or threaten someone to get money, person or anything valuable. For example, someone in a company knows the secret information of the company. The person could blackmail the company by threatening them to get money or anything he or she wants. The blackmailers usually want money in return to keep the secret. Besides that, there are hackers that expose information that are embarrassing to get money will face a hefty fine to the extend up to five years. Clicking in to some mysterious links will cause virus attack in your computer. An example of blackmail that happened in Malaysia was in Petaling Jaya. There was a blackmail girl victim beaten the abuser at the game. Most of the blackmail victims are threatened into surrendering to their extortionist’s request, however this girl named Susan where that is not her real name. She did not accept things without a fight (“Fighting Back Against Blackmail”). The impact on the users of online is that it would increase the punishment of the victims by the quantity of the blackmail paid.
ELECTRONIC HARASSMENT
There are also offences that happen every time when we are on Internet. Cyber bullying or we can say electronic harassment always happen everywhere around the world. There are some times where anonymous people post a status on you Facebook wall where they use Internet to threaten, abuse or harass people who receives the message. People do not think before they flex their finger muscle when the comment on other’s status. Whenever electronic harassment is found in you that you harassed people online, it could probably turn into a two years’ stint. A case happened to a young 12-year-old girl was always tormented by her friends. She was facing insults over a person to another person over the social media where they teased her about her hair and the way she dressed up. This has made her feel depressed and miserable. She then hung herself after being cyberbullied by her schoolmates (“12-Year-Old Hangs Herself After Being Tormented Online”). Impacts on the users of online is that the users which is also called victims, will have a lower self-esteem where they may be insulted by the bullies. Other than that, the victims will also take an illegal action such as taking drugs or alcohol.
HACKING
Hacking in simple term means it is an illegal intrusion information that a computer system and network. Hacking is a system that is used to go through personal information without any authorization (“What Is Hacking?”). Hacking also includes hack on a software or unsatisfactory system to get a free access whenever it has to be paid. Hacking into someone’s email represent the reasons of a commercial advantage or even in any crimes will carry a five-year sentence maximum for the first time offenders. Whereas, one-year sentence maximum will be taken when hacking into email in different cases. There was a case happened in Kuala Lumpur saying that Malaysian hackers have arrested after a RM30,000 online shopping spree. There were 11 people have hacked into an online system of 2 companies by using their fake credit cards and debit cards.
CHILD PORNOGRAPHY
One of the offences committed using the Internet will be child pornography. The Internet is being highly used by the abusers to reach and abuse children sexually through worldwide. In addition, child pornography is an illegal use of children in pornographic pictures or videos. As there are more homes have Internet access, there will be more children wound be using internet which means more chances for abusers to target the children. It is a criminal offence and it is characterized as any visual delineation including the utilization of a minor in sexually explicit conduct. Besides, the visual usually includes photos, videos, films or even computer generated ones. It is a federal and a state crime to produce, covey or “access with intent to view” child pornography. Under the law of federal, it will carry five-year sentence minimum and twenty-year sentence when transmit child pornography (“The 10 Most Common Internet Crimeschild Pornography”). A case happened in Malaysia distributed child pornography has faced scandal. Malaysia police has confirmed that Southeast Asian is in the third highest rank for distributing child pornography. In Section 292 of the penal code and in Section 5 of the Film Censorship Act to act against people who are with pornographic pictures and videos. Also, selling pornographic materials can carry a fine up to RM10,000. Besides that, Section 163(1) of the Criminal code is for the illegal distributing pornography (AHORA).
Conclusion
Even though there are many people who are not the victims of cybercrimes but there are still risk to happen. Cybercrime has been a recognition in Malaysia but it is not easily going to be restricted. Cybercrime can be seen as the method used to represent a ridiculous assault on human rights that are done by cybercrimes. It is a part of the issue with no reliable statistics which is difficult to justify the incensement powers of Regulation of Investigatory Powers Act which can be given to the authorities (“CYBERCRIME CONCLUSION”). Even if laws are created, there will still be cybercrimes that will continue creating and giving challenges to stay ahead of the law. Cybercrimes do not have to go outside and rob the bank. With technologies nowadays when it is increasing and getting better, they can just sit at home to commit any crime to get anything they want. In order to decrease the amount of cybercrimes, individuals and government has to be in team to take action. Enforce the law and strictly control cybercrimes to stop giving problems to the victims.