In my personal project, I am going to be talking about an illness that became so global in the past few years. This illness marked as one of the most death causing illnesses in the universe. This illness is lung cancer. In all types of cancer, lung cancer is considered as one of the fastest cancers that could be easily speared to people in different ways and has many different causes that I’ll be disguising later during this project. I am going to be organizing the causes from the most global to the less. This organization is important because it gains reader’s attention. People would respond better for information that they already have a background about. So, I see that global information has priority to be mentioned first in my list of causes. Before starting with anything, we have to know what is cancer in general. Cancer starts when some of the body’s cells begin to divide without stopping and spread into surrounding tissues.
Cancer can start almost anywhere in the human body, which is made up of trillions of cells. Normally, human cells have the ability of grow and divide to form new cells, as the body needs them. When cells grow old or become damaged, they die, and new cells take their place. Before getting to the causes let us generally discuss what is lung cancer. A lung cancer is an uncontrolled growth of abnormal cells in one or both lungs these abnormal cells do not carry out the functions of normal lung cells and do not develop into healthy lung tissue. As they grow, the abnormal cells can form tumors and interfere with the functioning of the lung, which provides oxygen to the body via the blood. It is somehow difficult to assume the person has lung cancer; because, the person could realize that he have lung cancer after its development. There are 2 types of lung cancer. The first one in which the first type called (Small cell lung cancer) or Carcinoma.
This type could be found in heavy smokers lungs only. It is the second most speared type. The most speared type called, Non – small cell lung cancer that includes different types of cancer like Squamous cell carcinoma, Adenocarcinoma and big cell lung cancer. There are many factors as I mentioned. Some of those factors are completely controllable. And some of them are uncontrollable. An example of a controllable factor is quit smoking. And an example of the uncontrollable factor is breathing toxic or radiated elements or combinations. Discovering cancer earlier means a better chance to survive. Depending on that, each person should visit a doctor at least once a year to do some required medical checks.
Smokers have 2 choices. Rather quit smoking or visit a doctor whenever they fell that something is extraordinary. Medical checks are X – ray, Computed Tomography – CT, Imaging, Cytology, and Biopsy. Non – small cell lung cancer has 7 different stages. And it is medically proved. Stage IA. In this stage, cancer penetrates throw lungs tissues in a maximum diameter of 3 cm. but it didn’t spear into lymphatic nodes. The second stage is called IB. in this stage, cancer penetrate throw lung tissues in a maximum diameter of 3-5 cm but didn’t spear into lymphatic nodes. The third stage is called, IIA.
In this stage، the cancer size range becomes between 5-7 cm. and cancer penetrates into lymphatic glance that is near the swelling. But it didn’t penetrate throw Thoracic wall. The fourth stage is called, IIB. In this stage, cancer’s size range becomes between 5-7cm and greater than this. It also has the same facilities as IIA. The fifth stage is called, IIIA. In this stage, cancer is speared externally out from the lung to the lymphatic nodes those are in the middle of the chest. The sixth stage is called, IIIB. In this stage, the cancer is speared into the heart, blood vessels, Trachea, Esophagus, a lymphatic glance that is at the spot of Clavicle and tissues that are surrounding lungs. The last stage is called, IV. In this stage, cancer is been speared to other body organs like liver, bones and brain. I will mention a factor that is so social. Smoking. Smoking causes lung cancer in which the smoker breathes in the smoke from cigarettes. Cigarettes contain Carcinogen (causes cancer) materials and elements. By breathing it in, change in lung tissues performs immediately. The body could fix those changes at an early stage. Symptoms appears in patients as following:
– Persistent cough
– Shortness of breath
– Bloodstained throat mucus
– Loss of weight and appetite
– Chest pain
– Hoarseness of voice
– Repeated bouts of pneumonia or bronchitis
Smoking:
There are more than 100 types of cancer. The cancer is named according to the infected part or organ, For example, lung cancer. Smoking causes cancer because it contains toxic substances that weaken the body and makes it much difficult to kill cancer cells. And cancer will keep growing and spreading in nonstop rate. The poison in the tobacco affects body cells and could change body’s DNA. In which changes or affect the growth of the body. There are many Symptoms that could be included and those are:
Thickening or lump in any part of the body, weight loss or gain with no specific or known reason, a hard time swallowing, a snore that doesn’t heal. Discomfort after eating and feeling weak or exhausted. In many lung cancer causes, smoking causes 9 out of 10 cancers. Because of the Tabaco and other toxic substances that cause lung cancer. Although it is so complicated to explain how smoking causes cancer, it requires one simple step to prevent it.
Quitting smoking decreases the risks for different types of cancer including lung, throat, mouth, larynx, esophagus and different body organs.
Within 5 years or less of quitting, your chance of mouth, throat, esophagus, and bladder cancers is decreased up to 50%
Ten years after you quit smoking, your risk of dying from lung cancer drops by half. After researching and studying cancer for many years, it indicates that the most affected organ by smoking is lunges because it is the first destination for smoke to reach and it is the organ that spread toxic substance like carbon monoxide to the rest of the body organs. So we can conclude that the most affected organs by the cause of toxic substance and Tabaco concentration are throat and lungs.
Asbestos fibers
Most people think that the person could be infected by cancer only if they smoked and they think that there is no other possible way to get infected. Actually, I’ve asked some people and I got nothing but ignorance to all factors except smoking. We can all agree that smoking is the number one cause of lung cancer globally but there are other factors that we should keep our eyes open on.
Asbestos fiber can persist in lung tissues for a lifetime. The workplace is a common source of exposure to asbestos fibers.
In the past, asbestos was used widely for the insulation of materials but today the use of it is limited or banned in some countries like the USA because of its danger. Other countries didn’t completely banned it but they limited the use of it for safety applications. Smoking cigarettes increase the chance of developing asbestos in lungs. A worker who smokes has the risk of 50-90 times higher than non-smokers.
Radon gas
Radon gas is natural chemical gas that is a product of uranium. Radon gas is defiantly a strong cause of lung cancer. 12% of cases are caused by radon gas. Smoking increases the risk of radon exposure. Some people might ask, how could we expose radon gas in our house and how to prevent it? Radon can enter the house traveling throw soil and throw pipes, gaps in the foundation, drains, and many other openings. Make sure that those sources of radon gas are safely secured and checked monthly. If you are uncomfortable about the fact that you might be exposed to radon because it is invisible, you could use simple test kits. It will detect if there is any radon flow in houses, schools or workplaces.
Occupational exposure and pollution
Exposing to certain elements is linked to a slightly higher the risk of developing lung cancer. These chemicals and substance include:
• Arsenic
• Asbestos
• Beryllium
• Cadmium
• Coal and coke fumes
• Silica
• Nickel
The cause of genetics could also infect people.
Research conclusion
Although there are a lot of causes that if we directly expose to we could get lung cancer but there is nothing more effective than smoking because some people are used to it and they consume cigarettes daily. Smoke gets the chance of entering the lungs leaving toxic elements on the lungs wall in which lungs absorb those toxic elements and substances giving it away with oxygen throw arteries to the rest of the body. If a person was infected by cancer because he/she was getting exposed to one of the causes and he/she was a smoker that would increase the risk greatly than if he/she was a non-smoker.
Video about the topic:
Lung Cancer: Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Staging
I also did a survey about the topic for knowing how much knowledge do people have about the danger of lung cancer. I used some questions that the normal person would ask and I got over 70 responses. I speared the topic to relatives, friends and social media like Facebook and YouTube. I did this survey to support my project and to