A Transmissive Disaster-Resilient Learning Facility Project: An Innovative Approach for Disseminating Knowledge
Sara Jane D. Gonzales
Holy Angel University
A Transmissive Disaster-Resilient Learning Facility Project: An Innovative Approach for Disseminating Knowledge
Efren Penaflorida was granted an award of being a CNN Hero in the year 2009 for his mobile push cart or “kariton” classroom to facilitate Filipino street kids in their education. Penaflorida’s push cart classroom motivated teacher Adrian Cobardo towards “Bangkarunungan” which is his own project created way back 2011 upon the celebration of the National Reading Month of DepEd (GMA News Online, 2012). Mr. Adrian along with other volunteers educates children in the province of Zambales by means of a boat. According to him, the ‘bangka’ is the best vehicle to transport ideas and eventually move people’s points of view (Cruz, 2015). Now, along with his 80 volunteers, teacher Adrian Cobardo is teaching approximately 300 children from four communities living in the coastal areas in Subic, Zambales.
In the midst of calamities, several schools now in the Philippines act as an evacuation center. However, none of them are capable of defying natural disasters. Like other structures vulnerable to tropical storms, schools get damaged or worse, destroyed, depriving evacuees the safety that they most need (Tamolang, 2014). According to Maricris Tamolang (2014) featuring her article in Philippine Daily Inquirer, studies are currently being undertaken towards more visible and secure temporary shelter provisions like container vans and bus-homes which can be easily delivered to disaster-stricken areas and for probable re-use.
Shipping Container Architecture is the art of transporting containers intended for their structural strength and natural building features for waterproofing. With a measurement of eight feet in width and a range of 20 to 40 feet in length, shipping containers tend to be as modular building elements throughout the world. These containers are into heavy loads due to their structural potency like fire, mold, termites, corrosion and ocean water forces. This process acquires easy stacking and interlocking in the stage of construction while being cost effective compared to masonry and can be transportable (The New Indian Express, 2014).
The Philippines is an archipelago composed of 7,107 islands in the Southeast Asia. It is one of the ten most afflicted countries in the world in terms of lives and property lost as a result of damage due to natural calamities such as earthquakes and typhoons that visit the islands annually. The destruction caused by these natural phenomena in terms of loss lives, structures and livelihood reinforces the suffering of the poor who are the most affected (Gabitan, 2015). In these islands, there are still some locals having difficulties in attaining needs because of their current situation where sea turn out to be a hindrance to connect in the central. From far-flung island communities in the province of Zambales, many families cannot meet the expense of sending their children to school. And one of the main obstructions to their education is transportation, on how to get pass through another area where their school is situated. As a result, parents chose to stop their children in going to school temporarily and just let them to help in their work.
To possess a great opportunity in the future with the problems towards a more holistic disaster mitigation and management strategy and crisis about the education in the Philippines, solutions to the problem should be formulate. In order to resolve these circumstances, the researcher intends to obtain certain objectives:
• To associate the concept of the project ‘Bangkarunungan’ into a substantial outcome.
• To generate alternative solutions to school facilities that promote green and healthy measures.
• To come up with a multi-purpose and transportable solution to the outlying islands in the Philippines, particularly in the province of Zambales.
Education projects like ‘Bangkarunungan’ whose goal is to bring up the interest of others to admit education is what the government should put into consideration. “Mahilig kasi tayo na tingnan ang pagkukulang ng gobyerno but there are actually efforts by the government and by the private sector to fill the gaps in education. As much as we like to blame, everyone must share the responsibility of educating Filipinos”, according to Claire Delfin (2012) in GMA News Online. Furthermore, disaster can strike at any time. The best thing is to prepare for whatever it can cause whether it is a flood, fire, earthquake, tsunami, or another disastrous phenomenon. By these, the study aimed to provide an innovative solution that will advocate a new method of building perspectives and construction strategies to the growing problems and concerns in education.
This limits the study that was conducted only to initiate an alternative solution to proliferate education in the islands and areas near the province of Zambales. The aspects looked into were the qualification of site for the ‘Bangkarunungan’ headquarters project, methods, strategies used for the modular facility and on how it will work. And lastly, an alternative solution that is cheaper but can be a disaster-resilient structure for learning institutions through the use of shipping containers.
The diagram below represents the association of process and the development of the study. With the conceptual solutions given lie the utilization of the shipping containers as an innovative integration to the study, organizational planning and communicational aspect, and
with the application of the standard design strategies for a disaster resilient structure may result to the desired outcome.
INPUT PROCESS OUTPUT
Primary Data
• Interview
• Officials of the Bangkarunungan project
• Officials at Sitio Sampaloc, Zambales
• DepEd Officials
• Civil/Structural Engineer
• Survey Questionnaire
• 70 students from Barretto National High School
• Observation
• Site(Aningway, Zambales)
Secondary Data
• Pertinent Laws
• DPWH Laws & Regulations
• UAP Emergency Architects Standards
• DepEd Facility Principles
• Government Documents
• DepEd Educational Facilities Manual
• Zambales CLUP & Zoning Ordinances
• Case Studies
• Dissertation:
KARGARALAN & ESKWELATIKAN Objectives
• To associate the concept of the project ‘Bangkarunungan’ into a substantial outcome.
• To generate alternative solutions to school facilities that promote green and healthy measures.
• To come up with a multi-purpose and transportable solution to the outlying islands in the Philippines.
Design Considerations
• Curriculum Based Facility
• Innovative Building Technology/Sustainability
• Flexibility & Ergonomics
Design Criteria/Approach
• Application of Standards from different government laws and regulations such as DepEd, CLUP of Zambales and DPWH standards for a disaster resilient facility
• Integration of Innovative Building Technologies from sustainable sourced materials like shipping containers
• Mitigation of the multi-purpose facility through the use of shipping containers also proper planning against disaster that can be easily delivered to disaster-stricken areas and for probable re-use
A Transmissive Disaster-Resilient Learning Facility Project: An Innovative Approach for Disseminating Knowledge
Develop and Design
• Main Institute Grounds
• Pre-fabrication Facility
Methods
This study entitled “A Mobile Learning Facility Project in Sitio Sampaloc, Subic Zambales: An Innovative Approach for Disseminating Knowledge” is a qualitative research that attempts to gather information concerning the alternative methods and strategies for the mobile facility. The researcher applied a descriptive method and an online research in conducting the study.
Sources of Data
Data were gathered from several sources such as preliminary interviews from the founder of the association Bangkarunungan and other professionals with knowledge and expertise in the design of learning institutions. Basically, data were also collected directly from survey questionnaires for specific purpose. Management from some agencies was also included in the data gathering for the principles of CLUP and zoning ordinances.
Mostly, the data were gathered from secondary sources like books from the university’s library, newspaper and other journals from the internet that are reliable and correlate with the study.
Participants
Interviews from the officials and volunteers of the Bangkarunungan project were conducted to answer some of the queries needed to be resolved. Mr. Adrian Cobardo a teacher from Barretto National High School in Olongapo City which is the founder or the captain of the community reading organization Bangkarunungan. Ms. Karen David a teacher at Sindalan Integrated School and her cousin Jonalyn Mae David, currently a third year college student. Furthermore, the researcher asked some questions to Mr. Edwin Banaag, vice president at Sitio Sampaloc and Engineer Joseph Atchico which is Civil/Structural Engineer.
Also two sections obtaining 70 students from Barretto National High School were given some survey questionnaires to fill out made by the researcher with the help of Mr. Adrian Cobardo.
Procedure
The researcher conducted an interview with the use of a voice recording tool , a mobile phone for queries thru sms messaging and taking pictures of the related data in the study, online social media like Facebook and Yahoo Mail for back up files and along with some survey questionnaires that is used as a guide for the researcher in gathering information and disseminate it to the selected respondents by means of a snowball technique.
Data Analysis Plan
The data gathered from the survey will be organized and tabulated by means of Microsoft Excel and also convert them into charts and diagrams for the results. And Microsoft Word for the soft copy material before printing.
Methods
Research Design
This study is a qualitative research that attempts to gather information concerning the alternative methods and strategies for the learning facility. The researcher applied a descriptive method and an online research in conducting the study.
Sources of Data
Information were gathered from several sources such as preliminary interviews from the founder of the Bangkarunungan association and other professionals with knowledge and expertise in the design of learning institutions. Data were collected directly from survey questionnaires for specific purpose. Management from government agencies were also included in the data gathering for the principles of CLUP and zoning ordinances.
Secondary sources such as books from the university’s library, newspaper and other journals from the internet that are reliable and correlate with the study were utilized.
Survey
The researcher conducted a survey among the 80 students at Barretto National High School last January 22, 2016. Currently the respondents are in grade ten and their ages ranged from 15 to 18 years old.
Figure 1: This shows the scale of importance of a school facility to the overall performance of a student
Satisfaction
Figure 2: Illustrates the contentment for the current school facilities’ condition
Efficiency
Figure 3: This determines the effectiveness of the size of a room in educational activities
Impact
Figure 4: This chart views the impression about poor facility conditions in transferring to another school
Awareness
Figure 5: This shows the awareness for atypical types of school facilities
Preference
Figure 6: Illustrates the preference for a new and efficient school facility
SITE CRITERIA
1. Natural, Environmental, Physical Factors
• Location – the site should be located within the bounds of Zambales where the BANGKARUNUNGAN Project commences.
• Accessibility (Mode of Transportation) – the site should be accessible via public and private mode of land and water transportation and close to an access road.
• Soil Characteristic and Condition – the type of soil condition should be an Antipolo series and should be favorable to urban development. The Antipolo clay type under the series occupies lower elevations of mountainsides and foothills, which for the most part is under second growth forest. Fruit trees and diversified annual crops are grown.
• Site Topography – the site should be relatively flat or having a slope lower than the range of 18%. It shouldn’t contain known areas of natural or geological hazard. (E.g. unstable or potentially unstable slopes, faulting, landslides, rock falls, floods and wild fire, etc.)
• Climate – in general, the Municipality of Subic is experiencing a pleasant tropical climate all year round. The temperature should be ranging from 25.6 to 28.40C, with 26.90C as the mean to keep shipping containers.
• Wildlife – the proposed project should not disrupt any existing habitat since Zambales addresses the protection of forests and watershed areas.
• Drainage – the river system for the entire Subic municipality is comprised of the following river channels: Agusuhin River, Agosuhin-Quinobucan River, Redondo Creek, Calapacuan River, Mangahan River, and Marilorec River. These rivers have ecological significance and the site should have a way into the drain directly to Subic Bay.
• Future Expansion – site should be prepared for future developments as for the study requires spaces for the vast number of incoming students.
• Alternative Energy Sources – it should acquire spaces for alternative energy sources that are dependable, safe, and environmentally sound. And since it is a learning facility, future development necessarily depends on its long-term availability in increasing quantities from sources.
2. Legal, Institutional, Administrative, and Aesthetic Factor
• Water Supply – it should have an access to the community water system also known as the Subic Water District (SWD).
• Electric / Power Supply – the project should have a connection to Zambales Electric Cooperative II (ZAMECO II) that serves the electrical power needs of the municipality. Its source of power supply is the National Power Corporation. With main offices at Castillejos, it has a sub-office at Barangay Ilwas, Subic.
• Telecommunications – it should have an access to the Philippine Telephone Company (PILTEL) that provides telephone services within the town with 4,800 lines or 33.89 percent of the total households projected as of 2001. It is currently serving 14 barangays of Subic. It has an up-graded system using fiber optics. It can relay long distance calls to other towns and cities in the country.
• Waste Disposal System – the Municipality of Subic has one designated area for their garbage: the nine-hectare open dumpsite in Brgy. Naugsol which was opened last 1997. It was formerly an idle lot and is located far from any residential area. The area of the site should be distant to the existing dumpsite.
3. Socio-Economic and Cultural Factor
• Site Potential – it should provide new gateway for progress towards institutional resource management. Also siting a school within a (walkable) residential area will decrease vehicle trips and alleviate many of the conflicts. And away from storage of toxic, flammable, corrosive, chemically reactive and radioactive material that can cause danger.
• Pedestrian Access and Circulation – it is desirable to locate school sites with appropriate access from the adjacent roadway, walkway, and bikeway networks. Also it should have natural barriers, or built barriers such as railroad tracks.
Site Selection
1. Natural, Environmental, Physical Factors
CRITERIA SITE A
(Barangay Aningway
) SITE B
(Sitio Nagbayucan) SITE C
(Barangay Calapacuan)
Site Topography 4 3 4
Site should be fairly level and shouldn’t contain known areas of natural or geological hazard that can provide opportunities for learning area development Hilly and lowand areas with a coverage of 26.33% and 12.04%, respectively In terms of slope, a large portion about 8,776.55 hectares (34.56%) have slopes ranging from 30-50% (hilly to mountainous) Hilly and lowland areas with a coverage of 26.33% and 12.04%, respectively
Climate 3 3 3
Site should be experiencing a pleasant tropical climate all year round.
Mean temperature does not vary much throughout the year, ranging from 25.6 to 28.40C, with 26.90C as the mean. Mean temperature does not vary much throughout the year, ranging from 25.6 to 28.40C, with 26.90C as the mean. Mean temperature does not vary much throughout the year, ranging from 25.6 to 28.40C, with 26.90C as the mean.
Sun Orientation 4 4 3
The sun orientation of the site should ensure a ‘passive’ process works also the location of landscape features, i.e. trees and walls, etc which will have an impact on not blocking the sun light as the sun tracks across the sky The length of the day varies significantly over the course of the year. The shortest day is December 21with 11:15 hours of daylight; the longest day is June 20 with 13:01 hours of daylight The length of the day varies significantly over the course of the year. The shortest day is December 21with 11:15 hours of daylight; the longest day is June 20 with 13:01 hours of daylight The length of the day varies significantly over the course of the year.
2. Legal, Institutional, Administrative, and Aesthetic Factor
CRITERIA SITE A
(Sitio Sampaloc
) SITE B
(Sitio Nagbayucan) SITE C
(Barangay Calapacuan)
Land Use & Zoning 4 3 3
Current and projected zoning and land use (CLUP) should be compatible with the use of the site. Agriculture in land use generally high residential uses with a presence of small-scale firms and abundant open space accessible to urban services. Strategic Livestock sub-development zone Agriculture in land use generally
presence of mangrove areas along coastline and
presence of marine-based firm and resort. Strategic Crop Sub- development Zone
High residential uses with a
presence of small-scale firms and abundant open spaces accessible to urban services. Strategic Livestock Sub- development Zone
3. Socio-Economic and Cultural Factor
CRITERIA SITE A
(Sitio Sampaloc
) SITE B
(Sitio Nagbayucan) SITE C
(Barangay Calapacuan)
Site Potential 4 2 4
The site and development should provide new gateway for progress towards agriculture and sustainable coastal resource management. High residential uses with the presence of small scale firms, abundant open space accessible to urban services and generally flat lands 2.50 percent of the total municipal land or 697.92 hectares are devoted to field crops and this figure comprises more than 82 percent of the total agricultural land devoted to field crops High residential uses with the presence of small scale firms, abundant open space accessible to urban services and generally flat lands
Selection Elements
Elements SITE A
(Sitio Sampaloc
) SITE B
(Sitio Nagbayucan) SITE C
(Barangay Calapacuan)
Rating Rating Rating
Natural, Environmental, Physical Factors 3.67 3.33 3.33
Legal, Institutional, Administrative, and Aesthetic Factor 4.00 3.00 3.00
Socio-Economic and Cultural Factor 4.00 2.00 4.00
General Average 3.89 2.79 3.44
Legend:
1 Good (somewhat acceptable if there is no other option.)
2 Outstanding (Recommended but not prepared.)
3 Very Outstanding (It can be an alternative site.)
4 Excellent (The site has the entire necessary characteristic for the proposal.)
Discussion
Interview Analysis
The conducted interview tackles about the importance of having efficient educational facilities to the places wherein education is difficult among the far islands of Zambales. Scarcity of school facilities to far places in the Philippines is one of the hindrances why students had the thought of stopping to attend schooling. As for Mr. Adrian Cobardo’s interview, we can say that ‘Big things have small beginnings’ from the film Lawrence of Arabia. In which ‘kariton’ project is the starting place to all his aspirations in teaching and through his effort ad passion, many had gone along with this mission. With his venture, he received the support of his volunteers from the fourth year students in his supervision then from his co-workers and from other different people, thre result of him being an example as a virtuous man. Also it shows that financial resource is not a hindrance to pursue the Bangkarunungan project. They had also planned every single detail about their trip as what the researcher had seen with the preparations of Mr. Cobardo. About the project Bangkarunungan, he is thinking of a mobile library within a boat which is not far from the reality of having such in our generation today.
Then as for the researcher’s converse with Mr. Edwin Banaag, the area of Sitio Sampaloc Barangay Cawag in Subic gave an idea about the small population and type of livelihood they have. We can say that it is agriculture in land use along coastline and a marine-based development zone. Most of the residents were undergraduates because of the economical insufficiency of schools. This had made them think to stop pursuing their education and just let their lives situated helping their family through working in the mountain.
Also the researcher made use of a comparative analysis to the results given to a teacher and student in an urban area about their individual views about a specific topic given with the same set of questions. It turns out that somewhat their answers were very alike. This indicates that having a desirable school facility is very significant to the overall performance of each student and teacher. As the researcher conducted the interview it can be observed that they had different ambitions to what in their school will be heading to. From these, the researcher had considered the different views of the teachers and students from the rural to urban. Wherein residents from the rural areas wanted to express that people from urban areas are lucky from leaving all the needs without going too far while in their condition is completely different. But in the situation, this doesn’t stop them from dreaming.
And as for Engineer Joseph Atchico, it shows that as an engineer he had already the ideas and knowledge about the standards of shipping containers. Also the process of stacking should completely be properly executed wherein all factors should be considered.
It is good to have a form that is framed already; this is what Engineer Pangilinan has said. As for the proposed project in which shipping container is the main material, any structural alterations or damage to these may weaken the containers. Therefore, a step by step process should be strictly followed because maintaining structural support is very crucial. Also a pre fabrication facility is needed but to be built far away to the main school. This is because pre-fabrication facility creates noises that may disturb any ongoing classes.
Fabrication of modular shipping containers nowadays are very simple and uncomplicated compared to previous years. Main reason is that many innovative projects utilizing shipping containers continually spread among different countries and more likely, private individuals were now having greater interest to it. According to Engineer Cortez, when providing a prefabrication facility, the security must be tight. This is to assure the safety of each person inside the facility and especially for the confidentiality of the process and designs for the intended output.
Then for the process of constructing an institutional facility, school mapping is the initial and significant stage. This is to know the situation or population of learners in an area. Like in Olongapo City, they have a big population but has limited land intended for school facility, compared to Subic wherein most of their lands were agricultural and sufficient but they have a small population. To solve the problems of areas like in Olongapo City, constructing multi-story structure is already customary. And since their place is prone to flooding, making their buildings elevated is more conventional.
As for the budget for this proposal, DepEd has sufficient funds allotted and they are willing to finance. Also as of today, many NGO’s or other organizations like in Makati keep on donating for this kind of project like Bangkarunungan led by MR. Adrian Cobardo. This is because many people nowadays are concern and really value the importance of Education for every individual.
Survey Analysis
As for the 70 respondents studying in Barretto National High School, from the results of Figure 1, having desirable school facility is very significant to the overall performance of each student. The question is asked from them because the researcher wanted to know if there is really a need of a school facility in a particular area that can affect their education. In order to acquire or produce globally competitive students, appropriate facilities and proper environment must be provided. Well-designed facilities may include comfortable and well illuminated rooms for the students, enough spaces for the school that will not limit task when conducting educational activities and also environment- friendly places to study that can help improve mental development.
Currently, the students at Barretto National High School are somewhat satisfied with the condition of the school facilities that they have as what Figure 2 had shown. This was asked to identify their satisfaction and suggestions of having a proficient school facility. From what the researcher had observed from the school, it encompasses rooms that are well ventilated and the allotted space is just enough for them to study. Special facilities like library and laboratory were also imparted that can help develop abilities in other fields.
For Figure 3, 88% of the results had said that their rooms were in the appropriate size. This was asked for as the researcher would know the valuable standard sizes of rooms. Also Ergonomics is being considered as it pertains to the laws or theories of energy expenditure. It involves the study of the efficiency of persons in their working environment, which is most conducive to the efficient performance of teaching-learning tasks. The ergonomics of the educational facilities involves such factors as anthropometry, thermal comfort, visual comfort,
acoustical comfort, color, and safety (Educational Facilities Manual, 2010).
According to the results at Figure 4, 53% of the respondents thought of transferring to other schools may be the effect of having poor facility conditions in which this may lessen the urge of the students to study. Poor facility conditions like insufficient comfort rooms, small rooms, absence of laboratory, clinics, distinctive facilities and the like may cause their withdrawal in school.
In the last three years, the idea of alternative or spaces that were not designed as classrooms is somewhat new to them having the result of 43% to Figure 5. Perhaps in their generation and their age do not yet concentrate to the idea of the said topic and the thought of that no one had already introduced it to them as this may influence to the result of Figure 6.
In Figure 6 which is about their preference of having a classroom or school that is efficient. Efficient in terms of well organized, resourceful and economically oriented facilities.
Site Profile
In order for the researcher to establish the initiative of the proposed project, a selection process is conducted which turns out that Barangay Aningway get hold of the essential requirements for the study. Since the proposed project limits only within the bounds of Zambales, Barangay Aningway is qualified within the criteria. Mean annual rainfall for entire Zambales Province is around 3,748. Total rainfall during the wet months (June to October) averaged 3,269 mm. representing 87% of total annual rainfall while during dry months (November to April) averaged 159 millimeters or about 4.7% of the total annual rainfall. For temperature, the site which is in Zambales experiencing a pleasant tropical climate all year round. Mean temperature does not vary much throughout the year, ranging from 25.6 to 28.40C, with 26.90C as the mean.
Presently, the Zambales Electric Cooperative II (ZAMECO II) serves the electrical power needs of the municipality. Its source of power supply is the National Power Corporation. With main offices at Castillejos, it has a sub-office at Barangay Ilwas, Subic. Based on the status of electrifications of ZAMECO II, out of the 16 barangays of the municipality, 15 have been energized including Barangay Aningway. Roads along the site are in fair condition. The National Highway, which traverses the Municipality, is the major arterial road linking most of the barangays. It also serves as the national artery that connects the Province of Zambales to the Province of Pampanga and Pangasinan. There is only one National Road traversing the Municipality. It comprises 12.28 percent of the total road network of the town. The total length of the road is 11.529 kilometers wherein 55.68 percent is concrete while the remaining length of 5.11 kilometres is asphalt. The ten barangays that are along National Highway includes Aningway Sacatihan and Pamatawan. Barangay Aningway is accessible by private cars, public utility jeepneys, mini-bus and buses routing from Olongapo City to Northern portion of the province. Trucks and trailers also ply the National Highway while tricycles and pedicabs service the barangay routes.
There are no actually intended locations in terms of the proposed project as it deals with the transportable aspect of the said study in disseminating knowledge. But as for the Bangkarunungan project of Sir Adrian Cobardo their targeted sites were Sitio Sampaloc and Sitio Nagbayucan, Barangay Aningway is suitable for the headquarters and learning facility which is more proximate to the shoreline having an access to the two intended sites of the organization.
Site Analysis
Zambales is blessed with a wealth of historical and cultural heritage. If these are coupled with its natural and man-made features and advantages, it will surely emerge as a dynamic, fast-growing, sustainable, and a highly competitive province in the near future.
As for the strengths and opportunities, the site is within a vast and productive development opportunity lands that is envisioned to be an industrialized place and development of tourist spots within a peaceful sustainable economy and politically stable environment. Also, the selected site is located especially in the agriculture-rich barangays within the National road that is generally concrete paved and in good condition in most parts. These strengths may provide vital transport link from the southern side of the province to its northern portion, visual access to various socio-economic activities in Subic, access the vast agricultural areas of the municipality and provides opportunities for mixed-use developments of varying intensities.
And for the weaknesses and threats, the site has inadequate irrigation systems, rampant illegal quarrying, illegal land conversions, flooding, squatting along riverbanks and destruction of forest resources trough kaingin system. These result to the in need of supporting infrastructure particularly paved farm-to-market roads and urban sprawl that has become evident along both sides of the national road from Santo Tomas to Castillejos.
Conclusion
In order to resolve the crisis about education from far islands like in Zambales associating the concept of Bangkarunungan into a concrete outcome is one of the objectives. And according to the results, having school facilities in one place is very important especially to secluded places.
Second is to generate alternative solutions that promotes green and healthy environment. The availability of the supply of shipping containers now took its place. This product or material can be reused and recycled compare to concrete. These are also earthquake proof, termite and fire proof. In accord to the study of Kargaralan by Mary Dianne Mano, cargo or shipping containers are efficient and can be the answer to the numerous problems and issues that the government is facing such as socialized housing, classroom scarcity and slope protection. According from some of the interviewees, they’ve agree with the solution of alternative approach to the construction of the facility. The reason is that they were already aware to technology and the result to what it could bring. The use of shipping containers in many ways is an ideal building material that can stand firm to such discrete environments.
And lastly the third objective is to come up with a transportable solution to the outlying islands in the Philippines particularly in the province of Zambales. This may serve as the medium of spreading knowledge as what Sir Adrian had said from the interview. This kind of proposal is possibly unique however it should be look at carefully in planning and designing such technical to ensure its effectiveness.
The researcher therefore concludes that the awareness for alternative solutions must be open up to cope up with the crisis we are taking. In order to surpass these, solutions should be able to satisfy and meet the target purpose. With the stated problem, the proposed Architectural solution of the study was verified by the researcher to be feasible. Out of the interviews with the professionals engaged, it proves that the study was possible for the reason that the results taken to this study supported the idea of disseminating knowledge through the use of shipping containers as part of the methods or technique in having a mobile and an alternative school facility.
References
Book, Whole
Comprehensive Land Use Plan (2000-2010). The Ten Year Plan. Retrieved from Municipality of Subic, Zambales
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Online Newspaper, Journal, Electronic
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Web Page
https://www.tsikot.com/forums/miscellaneous-talk-163/40-ft-shipping-container-house-92251/
http://psa.gov.ph/people/education-mass-media
http://www.ppa.com.ph/Port%20Statistics/PortPerformance/statframeset.htm
Dissertation/Thesis
Maǹo, M. (2015). KARGARALAN: The Philippine Prototype of Cargo Containers as Alternative School Classrooms
Salvador, J. (2015). Optimization of the Modular System of Local School By Employing Used Cargo Containers