A. Problem Statement
Commensality is eating with other people, and commensal eating patterns reflect the social relationships of individuals. This study examined usual meal partners in commensal units and frequency of eating with others in commensal circles among 663 youngster responding to a mailed questionnaire in one community. Meal partner data revealed that most respondents ate alone at breakfast, alone or with co-workers at lunch, and with family members at dinner. Commensal frequency data revealed some eating at the homes of other family members, little eating at friends' homes, and almost no eating at neighbors' homes. Few demographic variations existed in commensal eating, except that unmarried individuals more often ate breakfast and dinner alone and more often ate with friends. These finding suggest that contemporary work-oriented society may lead people to eat alone during the day but share evening meals with family, and that people maintain commensal relationships primarily with family members rather than friends or neighbors. Peoples' social worlds appear to be focused on the nuclear family, and family members are also the people they usually eat with. (Sobal & Nelson, 2016)
What is Food Sociology? is more about food lifestyles, assessing their eating pattern, “they” at here is mean to youngster, youngster eating pattern, eating lifestyle with friends or family, food sociology this day is the problem most all of people have, whenever its family problem, youngster problem and etc. food sociology in here is talking about lifestyles, lifestyles how youngster eating pattern, like Hedonistic, it’s not about money, it’s about sociology, like they eat Tony Romas because of friends lifestyles, it’s called Hedonistic.
Based on research, Recently studies related to food sociology and eating patterns are gaining more importance because of their multidimensional scope and applications. Data from these studies are widely applicable in areas ranging from consumption forecasting and menu planning in hospitals, restaurants, schools. (Khan & Hackler,2009) It shows that how they eat, with who they eat? Where they eat? When they eat? All of it is depends on friends or family? The motivation to do this research is to investigate what benefits and impact that food sociology and youngster eating pattern can bring affect to their self and able to apply it for daily life.
B. Research Objective / Questions
The main objective of this research is to show how food sociology may impact to youngster. Is it in the positive way? Besides that, I would like to know what benefits that youngsters can get from it and practices that they can do to protect the environment. Following is the breakdown of the objective:
1. To determine the way Food sociology in benefiting youngster on their eating pattern.
2. To identify both Positive and negative impacts of Food sociology to youngsters.
After receiving all the information, then only I will be able to know how Food sociology actually happening in youngsters.
The motivation that driving me to do this research is questions that always running around my mind. The questions are:
1. How does food sociality may impact youngsters ?
2. What is the reason? Do all youngster impacted by food sociology?
3. Why youngsters need someone to eating with?
Hence, These are the questions that drive me to complete this research
Research Hypothesis :
1. Food sociology has a connection to Youngsters
2. Food sociology has less connection to Youngster
C. Theoretical framework
Food sociology can be explained in many ways, but in here. It simply means Food “Lifestyle”. Eating patterns are important for building sustainable food and lifestyle circle. This paper begins by presenting the main features of eating patterns worldwide. These eating patterns include the relative of friends , more rapid food eaten, development of a more complex food chain, and waste at distribution and final consumption stages. The drivers of these patterns are examined to identify knowledge gaps, the filling of which should facilitate the design and implementation of actions and policies aimed at making food systems more sustainable. (Guyomard, 2012) in this paper we will highlight the extent to which eating patterns are important for building sustainable food and food pattern, a research and policy area that is too often underestimated in the literature. The focus on the sustainability of eating patterns does not mean that reducing Hedonistic is not a priority. Hedonistic lifestyles are particularly interested in the more pleasurable aspects of food and they enjoy seeking out new ways of cooking foods. The conservative consumer are quite traditional in their shopping and cooking behavior, they do not like change and security is a strong purchasing motive. The view of the conservative consumers is that cooking and shopping is very much the women’s responsibility. Food does not have a role other than a basic functional one. They do not enjoy shopping or cooking and show a lack of interest in the quality aspects of food outside. In Additional, more than any other group they are interest with value of money, freshness, taste and friends or chilling. For them food personifies novelty, and a way to socialize and develop relationship. To illustrate, hedonistic food consumers perceived greater time pressures and were also more likely than consumers to believe that convenience foods were good value for money. They were the most frequent purchasers for several (Ryan, 2002)
So that is an example that I get from another sources, it’s listed the eating pattern of different country. Next, I will explain about why does food sociology may impact youngsters?
Preferencesininfancy
Infants have innate preferences towards certain taste qualities and dislikes of other tastes.2 Infants prefer sweet-tasting foods and reject bitter foods such as certain vegetables. This reflects an evolutionary response that was historically useful because the sweet taste signalled sources of energy (calories), while bitter tastes signalled foods that might be toxic. As children grow up, they may refuse foods and become picky about certain foods, so infants may be more willing to try new foods at this age.4 A commonly rejected category of foods is vegetables, for which there appears to be a universal dislike, readily leading to uneaten healthy nutrients. It presents many challenges for parents, and they respond in a variety of ways. Some give their children what they want to pacify them. Others restrict highly palatable foods, pressure to eat fruits and vegetables, provide rewards for eating nutritious foods, or do nothing at all. Recent research provides answers as to why young children act this way towards food and how parents can best respond to encourage healthy eating habits that will last into adulthood. (Benton,2012) For parents that give their children what they want, so their children will eating outside separate with their family, which is will be eating with their friends, they will eating same type with their friends, for example, 1 group of 5 people, 3 of them or 4 of them want to eat sushi zanmai, the rest actually don’t want eat zanmai, but because of mayoritas, so they eat at the same place which is sushi zanmai which is called food sociology or “lifestyles” and also, for the groups that from same area, example, 4 french people are studying at Malaysia, they found French café, so they went there eating like example In France, for a cheese to be labeled as “Roquefort,” it not only has to be made using very specific ingredients, but also has to come from a specific area. Of course, French wines are a famous example. It would be heresy in France (and, in fact, illegal) to label a wine as “Champagne” if the product is mere sparkling wine coming from any other region than the region of Champagne in the north of France. So they will go there with French people also, or same group, that’s called food sociology also (Frederic, 2013)
In here, I will explain about what is the reason why youngsters impacted by food sociology and are all youngsters impacted by food sociology?
More and more youngsters are dining out and their craving for outside food is increasing day by day. did you know that more than 64% of Malaysians eat at least one meal per day outside of home? And of the remaining 36% who eat at home, 12.5% have at least one meal that comes from outside. (Tan,2014)The trend is now borne by government data. As per the latest youngsters spending data released by the National Sample Survey Office, the proportion of youngsters expenditure on dining out has increased steadily from 19% in 2000 to over 30% in 2012. Likewise, a CLSA report revealed about the huge opportunity for youngster’s food-services industry owing to changing food habits. The report pointed out, “youngsters are fast developing a taste for eating out. This represents a massive opportunity for the 100bn dollar food-services industry. Catering to a population of 1.2bn, the market is still hugely underpenetrated. Independent operators dominate, although fast-food chains are tempting taste buds and gaining share.” Anjan Chatterjee, managing director at Speciality Restaurants Ltd (one of the leading fine-dining restaurant operators in India owning brands such as Mainland China, Oh! Calcutta, Machaan, Sigree, Flame & Grill and Haka), opined, “As lifestyle patterns have changed over the years, stress levels are on the rise. Gone are the days when one had to do a 9 to 6 job, your job now demands more time. So, when you go out to dine, you de-stress yourself. Eating out has a lot of celebration and happiness attached to it.” Endorsing the above fact, Chatterjee at Speciality Restaurants, said, “Earlier dimension of a youngsters university life was limited to doing assignments, group project, chilling, games and luxury. They was born from Gen Y which is better life generation that make them lazy to cook because of technology” (Joshi, 2013)
Next, I will explain about why youngsters need someone to eating with? Families and friends have been sitting down to enjoy meals together for decades. However, this tradition is quickly fading in today’s society. Social media, busy schedules, and work life are keeping us from enjoying face-to-face conversations with our loved ones. Having a meal with someone is enjoyable, fun, and may even improve our health! According to the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, research has shown that adolescents who eat with their families consume more fruits, dark-green and orange vegetables, and less soft drinks than those who do not have a family dinner (1). They are also more likely to have healthier habits as adults (2) Sitting down to enjoy a meal with others promotes good health by:
– Encouraging new foods
– Reinforcing mindful eating habits
– Reducing the amount of “on-the go” foods consumed
– Establishing a support system
Meal time should be enjoyable, relaxing, and fun! When you sit down to a meal with friends and family, be sure to focus on your time together and not the tasks you have to do later. (Derrickson,2003)
The secondary data will be gathered by the literature reviews on theoretical framework part. The literature reviews on the introduction of Food Sociology which is in order to provide clearer information on assessing youngsters eating pattern. For the answer and doubt, it would be gotten from the articles and books that provide information and relevant with this topic. Besides that, quantitative method will be used. I think a survey is much more effective because data will be collected from many different people. Besides, I believed the quantitative method will clearly and precisely specifying both the independent and the dependent variables under data that I collected, following firmly the original set of research goals, arriving at more objective conclusion, determining the issues, achieving high levels of reliability of gathered data due to controlled observations, mass surveys. This way is easier to eliminate or minimize subjectivity of judgment. This approach surveys a large number of individuals and applies statistical techniques to recognize overall patterns in the relations of processes. The survey will be arranged by using internet technologies because in this day people are more convenient in filling a survey through online rather than write it on the piece of paper. The targeted population will be people ages from 18 to 25 years old. Data such as gender, age, occupation, etc. will also be asked in the survey to describe a characteristics and profile of one’s opinion
The questionnaires will be gathered again and to be covert into Number where the percentage of the collected data will be shown. Hopefully with this method, a better understanding of the issue will gained. With the findings, we are able to distinguish on the positive or negative in Food sociology.
References:
Sobal, J. & Nelson, M. (2016). Commensal eating patterns: a community study.Sciencedirect.com. Retrieved 30 June 2016, from http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0195666303000783
Khan, M. & Hackler, L. (2009). Evaluation of food selection patterns and preferences. Critical Reviews In Food Science & Nutrition. Retrieved from http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/10408398109527314
Guyomard, H., Darcy-Vrillon, B., Esnouf, C., Marin, M., Russel, M., & Guillou, M. (2012). Eating patterns and food systems: critical knowledge requirements for policy design and implementation.Agric Food Secur, 1(1), 13. http://agricultureandfoodsecurity.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/2048-7010-1-13
Frewer, L. & Trijp, H. (2007). Understanding consumers of food products. Boca Raton: CRC.page 33-34
Evaluation of food selection patterns and preferences. (2016). Critical Reviews In Food Science & Nutrition. Retrieved from http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/10408398109527314
Fredericton, NB. Slow down to eat less and feel full. Daily Gleaner. 2012; A9.
Derrickson, J., Buchanan, C., Asing, G., & Okuma, A. (2003). Lessons Learned from the “Spend Less. Eat Well. Feel Better.” Program Efficacy Trial. Journal Of Nutrition Education And Behavior, 35(1), 30-36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1499-4046(06)60324-2
Benton, D. (2016). Parental influence on children’s food preferences and energy intake (EUFIC). Eufic.org. Retrieved 30 June 2016, from http://www.eufic.org/article/en/artid/Parental-influence-children-food-preferences-and-energy-intake/
Joshi, R. (2013). Youngsters prefer eating out over home cooked meals: Study | Latest News & Updates at Daily News & Analysis. dna. Retrieved 30 June 2016, from http://www.dnaindia.com/health/report-youngsters-prefer-eating-out-over-home-cooked-meals-study-1929062
Tan, c. (2014). More Malaysians eat out nowadays but are we eating enough healthy food? – Nation | The Star Online. Thestar.com.my. Retrieved 30 June 2016, from http://www.thestar.com.my/news/nation/2014/08/03/food-always-on-our-minds-more-malaysians-eat-out-nowadays-but-are-we-eating-enough-healthy-food/