Football (soccer) is one of the most played sport around the world, being played by men, women, adults and children. Football is the most exciting collective sport, those who are practiced with a ball, and it also requires combinations of the neuromuscular system.
It is a fact that to be able to play at a high-level football, it is necessary to have the ability to master the main fundamentals and techniques of football with the lower limbs of the body, which most of the time it requires full speed, with accuracy and without losing balance and attention. It is almost impossible to work at a professional football level without the help of science and its knowledge. The sport is based on the methodology of sports training, which is set of procedures that is used to conduct the athlete to his physical fullness, technical and psychological in a rational plaining, aiming to perform at a maximum performance in a determined period.
The physical requirements in football are:
• Skill and technique
• Speed/ Quickness, analytic and tactical ability
• Agility, balance and coordination, motivation and self confidence
• Ability to cope with pressure situation, reaction time, aerobic endurance
• Strength and power
• Flexibility
The rules of football were created by the international football association board (IFAB) in 1938 and were published by FIFA. A soccer field must be in a rectangular form. The soccer ball should be to sixty-eight to seventy centimeters in circumference and weigh from 410 to 450g at the beginning of the match. For players, it is prohibited to use their hands, other than goalkeepers, within the boundary of the field. The ball cannot be changed without the referee’s permission. The sport consists with two teams with eleven players each, ten on the line and one goalkeeper. If one team has only seven players, the match is delayed or cannot be started. Each match must have one referee, who must be the authority on the field and receives assistance from two line’s man. The game officially lasts ninety minutes, with two forty-five minutes’ halves and an interval of fifteen minutes. The time of the match may be prolonged if there are substitutions, injuries, or for any other reason that may interrupts the match. There are many ways to stop and restart the game. The game starts with the ‘Kick off’ and should be restarted in the same way if a goal is scored. If the ball comes out and a player touches it, a side throw is awarded to the other team and restarts the game. Another way is the goal shot and the game is restarted with the goalkeeper kicking the ball into the field. If the opposing team returns to the defense without a goal in itself, the other team wins a corner kick, and are required to restart the game from the corner where the ball came out. There are other ways to stop and restart the game, such as impediments, injuries etc.
The system of regulations is related to control and maintain its stability. In dynamic systems, such as soccer, control is related to the factors that influences the evolution of the system over time. In soccer, the dynamics of the game is guided by the flow of information generated by the actions of the players and movements of the ball in the course of the game. From those information, each team tries to manipulate the evolution of the game in their favor in order to gain advantage in the confrontation. From this confrontation two form of control may arise; indirect (regulated by self-organization) and direct (regulated by a central rule).
These regulations are designed, to keep fairness in the games and an appropriate standard behavior during the matches.
There are many strategies and tactics around the world, but it all depends on the coach, to implement the ones that suits their way of coaching. Some of the strategies in soccer are: Possession oriented, counter attacking, defensive, offensive, high pressure, focusing on exploiting certain players or position on the field and low pressure. Normally professional teams experiment lots of different strategies, until they find the one that fits their game plan better.
Goalkeepers in actions. Goal keepers in action is a new trend that Leandro Franco, an international goalkeeper coach that has created a solution to perfect goalkeeping training methods, now used in many other countries. Based on a system of colored lasers projected on wide screens placed in front of the athlete, the trainer stimulates situations with balls and lights forcing responses to objective stimuli (the ball) and other ones such as lights, making the athlete to give the right answer and quick reaction to the right stimulus. This new method created by the goalkeeper Leandro Franco, creates an individual and metric benchmark routines. This method works on the player’s psychology, neuroscience, reaction time, agility, acceleration and ability, basic competences and skills for an elite level goal keepers subjected to intense physical exercises. This new way of training was inspired by FITLIGHT, a solution with the same principles but sophisticated and expensive engineering, which often makes it possible to acquire innovation with creativity and ingenuity.
In any sport recovery sessions plays a big role. Hydrotherapy is a widely incorporated into post-exercise recovery schemes, information on how interventions are primarily anecdotal. The human body responds to immersion in water with changes in the heart, peripheral resistance and blood flow, as well as skin, central and muscular temperature. Studies has shown that there is no information on inflammation, immune function, muscle pain and perceived fatigue. Compression stockings are one of those strategies that are traditionally used to treat various lymphatic and circulatory diseases. Compression stockings are thought to improve venous return by applying graduated compression on limbs in the proximal-distal direction. External pressure created may reduce the intramuscular space available for edema and promote stable alignment of muscle fibers, attenuating the inflammatory response and reducing muscle pain. Nutrition is a very important subject as well because nowadays are many products out there, for example energy drinks, and athletes does not have much knowledge about them. The amount of sodium and potassium present in isotonic drinks is few in relation to what players lose while performing as their on-field activities. However, a greater amount of isotonic or some food before or during the game on the load and the bowels in the field with the stomach too full, the harmful being
Another possibility is to offer fruits to the players during the interval of matches. However, taking into consideration an athlete who loses an average of three kilos per game, which represents three liters of sweat, to replenish that amount of water and minerals or licenses that take the juice of six oranges or eat Four Bananas
For you to absorb after digesting a banana or an orange, you will need at least 40 minutes to an hour, time that the game is over.