Which Cholecystectomy Will Yield Less Post-Operative Complications?
Fabio Cabrera
5572944
Method
Surgery is a branch of medicine that deals with the treatment of injuries, diseases and deformities through operative and manual procedures. The sole aim of this research paper is to discuss that Cholecystectomy removal method yields less post-operative complications. Medicine language defines Cholecystectomy as a surgical method involved in removing the gallbladder from the body system. The gallbladder is an internal organ that stores and produces bile to the small intestines during the digestion system. The reason behind this research paper is to ascertain whether or not Cholecystectomy yields less or more operative complications.
RESEARCH METHOD AND DESIGN APPROACHES
Research is a term that refers to the systematic and creative work carried out to increase one’s knowledge in relation to a particular field. Currently, there are several research methods. Each method is differentiated from the other based on the methods that were used to collect information or data (Taylor & Bodgan & DeVault, 2015). In relation to the topic of study, both qualitative and quantitative methods are applicable. Qualitative research refers to a method that involves the collection of data and information by determining how and why a decision was made, its relevance and effectiveness through statistical means (Taylor & Bodgan & DeVault, 2015).
On the other hand, Quantitative research is a method that gathers data and information through empirical investigation and observation of phenomena through mathematical, statistical and computational technologies (Taylor & Bodgan & DeVault, 2015). Based on the topic of study, the best research method of establishing whether Cholecystectomy yields post-operative complications is the Qualitative research method. The main reason behind choosing the Qualitative Research style is because this method seeks to get answers to the ‘WH’ questions. Basically, this method is relative in the sense that it has a strong basis in the field of sociology.
POPULATION
Based on information gathered from hospitals throughout Pakistan, Cholecystectomy is one most operated human condition. In order to ascertain that Open Cholecystectomy does not result in Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy, the research will focus on the results that were collected from Jinnah Hospital Lahore. The hospital is located in Pakistan and is currently one of the largest referral and teaching hospitals in Asia. In order to gain relative and accurate information and facts, a population of not less than 400 patients was subjected to the study. The patients were aged in between the years 16 – 60 years ("the better surgical option for chronic cholecystitis; harmonic scalpel or conventional laparoscopic cholecystectomy", 2018). According to the end results, it was determined that both Open Cholecystectomy and Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy are very effective when it comes to controlling the perforation of the gallbladder and the readmission rate.
From an analytical point of view, the patients were divided into two equal groups, Laparoscopic and harmonic scalpels were used in either of the groups respectively. Readmission of patients was only considered after more than one month later after the surgery. The results of the operation were that 7.8% patients ended up suffering from the perforation of gall bladders while 11.8% were considered for readmission ("the better surgical option for chronic cholecystitis; harmonic scalpel or conventional laparoscopic cholecystectomy", 2018). From a general view and in relation to Open Cholecystectomy and Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy, 20 and 27 patients were readmitted respectively. This is a non – significant gap between the difference in number is very small.
SAMPLING FRAME
Based on data and information collected from a smaller population, the focus was given to Chandka Medical College Hospital which is located in Larkana. Unlike the case in Jinnah Hospital where 400 patients were studied, only 100 patients were studied this time. The end results concluded that Open Cholecystectomy is a safe surgical procedure ("complications of laparoscopic cholecystectomy in acute cholecystitis", 2018). Secondly, the procedure was said to be cost-effective and reliable to almost every patient. According to the medical center, the operation has minimal post-operative conditions. They include obscure anatomy and adhesion.
Open Cholecystectomy is also considered as the best method since it accelerates the healing and recovery process. It also results to lessen postoperative pain. Out of the 100 patients that were subjected in the research process, only 6% were readmitted ("complications of laparoscopic cholecystectomy in acute cholecystitis", 2018). Technically this means that Open Cholecystectomy has a relatively high and positive conversion rate despite the fact it took only 50 minutes to operate on one individual. Therefore, in relation to the data above, open Cholecystectomy yields less post-operative complication.
DATA COLLECTION
Collecting, relating and understanding data is the most difficult part when carrying out a research. It requires a lot of skill and attention so as to obtain relative, accurate and meaningful information. In order to gather the data and information presented above, I used the qualitative method of research. I preferred this method over quantitative research since it deals on statistical facts gathered on a social basis (Taylor & Bodgan & DeVault, 2015). In order to protect the integrity of the data, I carried out personal interviews. Generally, personal interviews are relatively beneficial when it comes down to integrity and protection of information since there is no third party involved.
In most cases, data loss protection and integrity in case there is a third party involved. Basically, third parties are likely to disseminate data and information that is meant to be private. Personal interviews are also important in the protection of data and maintaining its integrity in that there are minimal biases. I also tried other methods such as conducting numerical polls. However, this did not prove to be resourceful as I did not gain the data and information that I was relatively looking for in the population. Generally, for one to pull the strings in the best way possible, they ought to be serious, endowed with collection skills and divert maximum attention into completing the process.
DATA ANALYSIS
Just like data collection, data analysis requires a lot of time, focus, and understanding. In case one is not keen during the analytical part, they may end up gathering data and information that are irrelevant. Generally, data analysis refers to the process of relating and understanding data bit by bit. Since the information and data presented above is based on qualitative means, I had a smooth encounter during the analytical phase. Basically, I analyzed the data by understanding and coming to terms with the statistical figures that were presented after the surgery processes. Qualitative research is a very easy and applicable method to use since it does not involve the use of computational technology and mathematics. All you have to do is read, interpret, compare and internalize data and information
Conclusion
Open Cholecystectomy and Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy are both relative and important surgical operations. The difference between the two operations in relation to the end result is very minimal. As mentioned earlier, in relation to Open Cholecystectomy and Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy, 20 and 27 patients were readmitted respectively, the difference in numbers is 7 patients. This is a very small number that is not significant in the field of surgery. Therefore, based on the data and information presented above, both Open Cholecystectomy and Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy are effective methods that have almost the same outcomes when it comes to controlling the perforation of the bladder and managing the readmission rate. Despite the fact that the study was conducted in Pakistan, it is vital to comprehend that the outcomes are close to the same in countries all over the World.
References
Taylor, S. J., Bogdan, R., & DeVault, M. (2015). Introduction to qualitative research methods: A guidebook and resource. John Wiley & Sons.
(2018). Jsp.org.pk. Retrieved 25 March 2014, from http://www.jsp.org.pk/Issues/JSP%2013-2%20April%20-%20June%202008/Sher%20Mohammad%20COMPLICATIONS%20OF%20LAPAROSCOPIC.pdf
(2018). Theprofesional.com. Retrieved 25 March 2016, from http://www.theprofesional.com/article/vol-24-no-09/prof-4192.pdf