There are many reasons people disagree against stem cell research. But what about reasons to agree with it? Not many people look into it. HESC have much information regarding how to treat assorted diseases and disorders. Yet nobody really knows why only these cells seem to have a different properties than others to cure these things. Because they are embryos many scientists have very rarely attempted to use or experiment on them. Very few are currently investigating their uses and the ones who are insist on as little harm as possible comes to these embryos. There are different ways to preserve the embryos in the process. One of these ways is the Fellowships: Human Embryonic Stem Cell Research. This program is to increase the amount of scientists who are currently trying to research stem cells. The availability of HESCs are federally funded for an opportunity for these people to use the cells to answer research questions to the NIH and its centers. HESCs have amazing potentials to give information about the properties and such if these cells and the disease processes as little is know about their properties and what makes them different from other differentiated cells. Few scientists have had an opportunity to become informed of their use and to find answers to the questions that can be handles using HESCs. Because of this only a few scientists are involved in HESCs research and more must be trained to quicken the pace of this research. The NIH is identifying skilled researchers for this program. “The goal of this fellowship program in HESC is to train highly skilled scientists to research problems”. This program specifically aim to get new applications of individual postdoctoral candidates with the abilities to become productive and independent researchers in HESCs researchers. It also wants to encourage senior scientists who want to make major changes to the direction of the research or who want to expand their scientific background with acquiring new abilities in this research. This will also train highly skilled scientists to become better researchers. It also makes them pursue problems with certain scientific researches based on the characteristics and dangers of HESCs. This program will allow them to do this research with federally funded things that will allow them to do it without them just taking embryos from different centers and using them. It’s expected from the scientists to gain expertise in this growth and maintenance of these cells. This will then enable them to pursue the research of HESCs.
“Stem cells are the body’s raw materials”. They are the cells which all the other cells with special functions are generated from. Under the correct conditions these stem cells will form into more cells called daughter cells. Daughter cells can either become new cells (called self renewal) or specialized cells (called differentiation) with a specific function like brain cells, blood cells, bone cells or heart muscle cells. There isn’t any other cell in the human body that has the ability to naturally generate new cell types. Researchers as well as doctors hope that by studying stem cells we can I crease our understanding of how different diseases occur. With watching these cells mature cells into things such as heart muscles, nerves, bones, and other organs and tissues. We might finally understand how conditions and diseases begin to develop. They can also generate healthy cells and replace the diseased cells using a method called regenerative medicine. Stem cells can become specialized cells that can then regenerate and repair diseased diseases or damaged cells and tissues within the body. People who would benefit the most from stem cell therapies are people with Parkinson’s, amyotrophic later sclerosis, Alzheimer’s, heart disease, type 1 diabetes, strokes, spinal cord injuries, burns, and cancer. These cells might have the potential to be grown into new tissue for use in transplants and regenerative medicine. As we continue to advance on the knowledge of these cells, they can be used to test certain types of drugs for how safe they are and how well they work. This will most likely impact drug development for cardiac toxicity testing first. Stem cells can be programmed into tissue- specific cells as to test new drugs. The sources of stem cells are embryonic stem cells, adult stem cells, and adult cells that are altered to have properties of the embryonic stem cells. Embryonic stem cells come from the embryos that are three to five days old. This stage they are called a blastocyst and have about 150 cells. They will divide into more cells or turn into any type of cell in the body this allows them to be used to regenerate and repair damaged tissues and organs. Adults have very few stem cells but they still exist in the body. They are mainly found in bone marrow or fat. They have more limited use than the embryonic stem cells. They however have been tested to see if they can be used for various uses and have been proven successful. They have also genetically modified adult stem cells to have the same properties as embryonic stem cells. This can prevent immune system rejection but researchers aren’t sure what affect they will have on the body. They have also found stem cells in amniotic fluid as well as umbilical cord blood. The cells also can change into specialized cells. The embryonic stem cells are gotten from very early stages. The ones being used in this research comes from eggs that are fertilized at fertilization clinics but are never put into a woman’s womb. They are donated with constant from donors and will live in special solutions in Petri dishes or test tubs in the labs. Doctors might not be able to use adult stem cells all the time because they aren’t as durable and versatile. The adult cells may also not be programmed to produce all cell types which limits their use. There have been many successful transplants using stem cells into bone marrow, these transplants are typically from adult stem cells or umbilical cord blood. A group of cells that are made from the first stem cell line that is grown within a lab is called a stem cell line. They will keep growing but won’t become different specialized cells. They will also not develop any genetic defects and can continue creating more stem cells. These cells will be stored in a freezer or given to other researchers. To promote the response of the body to prepare injuries tissues, they will use stem cell therapy. This is used instead of instead of just fully replacing the organs or tissues. The doctors will grow the stem cells and manipulate them into specialized types of cells. It has also already been shown that bone marrow cells have been used to become heart like cells to repair the tissues in people. More research is continuing as time has gone on.
There are many differences between human embryonic cells and adult stem cells. There are also many similarities between the two. The similarities are that they both have many advantages. The reason embryonic stem cells can become all cell types is because they are pluripotent. They are also grown easily in a culture within a lab. Adult stem cells are very rare in the mature tissues and isolating their cells can be very difficult to grow in a culture. This information is important because large numbers of cells are needed for stem cell replacement therapy. It is said “because a patient’s own cells could be expanded in culture” it is much easier to reintroduce these cells back into the body. Using the patient’s own stem cells also decreases the chances of being rejected by the body’s immune system.
There have also been debates whether or not this research should be federally funded or not. There are ethical problems with this but there are also many good outcomes to using stem cells. Using these stem cells can heal so many people who suffer from debilitating diseases and such that could cause suffering through their lives or kill them at a very young age. There’s also the problem of people who are struggling to over Come things such as blindness and paralysis. What is not realized is not only is it possible to use adult stem cells but in this day and age it is also very possible to get few stem cells from the embryo without killing it. The embryos also have relatively simple structures and functions that allow them to be figured out easier than other things within the scientific world. The research done on adult stem cells have created many amazing results yet embryonic cells hold the most potential due to the fact that they can develop into many kinds of tissue. The way the adult stem cells are extracted is from bone marrow “we perform a complex surgery to minimize the risk to the adult donor. Meaning that the adult will not die from doctors extracting stem cells from the body. With making it so that the adults don’t die from the stem cells being extracted from bone marrow helps with the cause. The development of the embryos not being killed from the extraction is a huge help in the controversy from using embryonic stem cells for all their uses. Even then some people will still be against it so there is ultimate way to solve the moral issues with it. Statistics say there is 100% pro-life voting within Congress. While there is a way to not kill the embryos during extraction it is much much more difficult to, but the same goes for adult stem cells. The process in general is just very complicated and complex to do it without harming the embryo. You also cannot produce a new embryo or clone the old one. It’s all about weighing the risks about the possible gain.
There have recently been studies that have been done that mouse skin can be programmed to behave and do things like embryonic stem cells. Studies like this have provoked a breakthrough in these types of studies. This has given people hope to use human IPS cells from skin biopsies to create cells specific to the patient. These cells can be used for things like drug development, disease research, and cell based therapy. Some people however will jump to that embryonic stem cells are complete unnecessary with the discovery of the ability to possibly use human IPS cells. There are a multitude of reasons that IPS cell research must be done with human embryonic stem cell research. To advance these reasons we can’t imply the human stem cell research doesn’t have importance of its own, it just needs more justifications to proceed with the research. Which makes it very important to keep a realistic viewpoint in IPS cell research. The progress to move forwards to a socially beneficial uses of stem cell science would be paused if IPS research is searched to expand further human stem cell research. Research on the IPS cells have barely started so there is a bunch more to be done with these cells. There is little research about the safety of using IPS cells. Nobody knows how the human body would react to receiving these cells. People also don’t fully know how the IPS cells will react to being programmed into the properties of embryonic stem cells. There is a huge possibility of something going very wrong in this process. Therefore IPS cells have to be researched about more. There have also been orders to use alternative forms of stem cell research in order to receive public funds. It would be a major mistake for IPS cell research to discard the need for research on embryonic stem cells. There are many retroviruses from all the mouse cell clones of IPS. This indicates the active or inactive of added genes that is added to the induction. It may take forever to understand what IPS are able to do