Essay: Lower Cholesterol: Home Remedies vs Medication – Research Answer



 

Table of Contents

Research question: 2

Motivation: 2

Aim: 2

Hypothesis: 2

 Apple Cider Vinegar: 2

 Honey Garlic Paste: 3

 Coriander Juice: 3

 Crestor (Cholesterol Tablet): 3

Literature Review: 3

Apparatus: 5

Procedures 6

Variables: 7

 Dependent Variable: 7

 Independent Variable: 7

 Control: 7

Observations: 8

 Tabulated data indicating texture, amount of fat before(g), amount of fat after (g) and residue (ml): 8

 Graphed data indicating Amount of Fat Lost (in grams) 8

 Graphed data indicating Residue (in mL) 9

 Graphed data indicating Texture 9

Photographs: 11

 Apple Cider Vinegar 11

 Crestor (Cholesterol Tablet) 11

 Honey Garlic Paste 12

 Coriander Juice 13

Results: 14

Discussion: 17

Modification: 18

Conclusion: 19

Reference list: 20

 

Research question:

Between Home Remedies and Medication, which is more effective in lowering the Cholesterol level?

Motivation:

Statistics have shown that the number of people being diagnosed with hypercholesterolemia have been drastically increasing. This creates opportunity for the pharmaceutical industry to make an even greater earning. However, there are other home remedies which are also used as cholesterol controllers or lowering agents and are both cheaper and easier to access, the only question is whether these remedies are better or worse than medications.

Another reason which brought about my inquisitiveness is the fact that I have hypercholesterolemia due to my great uncontrollable indulgences upon cakes and sugary treats. My hypercholesterolemia made me observe and question many things such as how medications can be quite harmful to one’s body especially if consumed excessively whilst as home remedies generally don’t pose as much of hazard to the wellbeing of one’s body, this is a fact which has been witnessed in numerous cases of treatment.

Aim:

Investigation of the various home remedies in comparison to medication in the effectiveness of cholesterol lowering, with a cholesterol substitute of pig fat. The home remedies that will be investigated are; coriander juice, honey-garlic paste, and apple cider vinegar compared to a prescribed cholesterol pill. The understanding of the effects these substances have towards the pig fat will identify and showcase the effectiveness of home remedies compared to today's medication in cholesterol within the body’s circulatory system.

Hypothesis:

The home remedies will reduce the cholesterol level and will have fewer side effects in comparison to medication.

 Apple Cider Vinegar:

It is expected that the acidic level of vinegar (pH level of 5 to 7) will decrease a thin layer of LDL cholesterol. The change of colour from pink to brownish-red will indicate the reaction between the LDL and acid. The pectin found in the apple cider vinegar is a soluble fibre that will help absorb the cholesterol and eliminate it out of the body (Bragg, page 12-13). Also, since pectin is a fibre, it might keep you full for a longer period, thus resulting in lowering cholesterol and loss of body weight. This remedy will have the greatest effect in lowering the LDL cholesterol.

 Honey Garlic Paste:

It is expected that there will be a pungent odour due to strong smell of garlic. It is said that garlic was given the title "aspirin of the '90s"when studies began to link the food to lowered cholesterol (Henshaw, 2011). The texture would be thick and sticky because of the garlic paste and honey forming a semi-solid. There will be minimal reaction between a solid (fat) and semi-solid (honey garlic paste) because of less friction.

 Coriander Juice:

 It is expected that the liquid in the coriander seeds will decrease the amount of fat because of the four acids present: linoleic acid, oleic acid, palmitic acid, steric acid, and ascorbic acid (Aditi, 2010). It is expected that the coriander juice will have fairly similar results to the Apple Cider Vinegar due to the acid playing a part in decreasing the layer of LDL cholesterol. There will also be a colour change from pink to a brownish-pink because of the coriander juice.

 Crestor (Cholesterol Tablet):

 It is expected that the Crestor tablet will have the second greatest effect on decreasing LDL cholesterol because it has already been tested in a 6-week clinical trial (AstraZeneca, 2011). It is also FDA approved which signifies that it lowers LDL cholesterol and raises HDL cholesterol. The 6-week period shows that the tablet works only when in the circulatory system for a long period of time and if ingested regularly. Thus, the Crestor will have a lower impact than Apple Cider Vinegar.

Literature review:

Cholesterol is a lipid (fat) found in the outer layer of our cells that play a crucial part in the human body and its day to day function. Cholesterol is a waxy steroid that has various functions and roles; building and making the cell membrane, production of various bodily hormones throughout the body, production of vitamin D and other nutrients, insulation towards nerve fibres, and determining the passage of molecules within our cells. Such an important lipid is made 80% within the liver and the rest is from the foods the individual eats. .

There are three types of cholesterols; LDL (low density lipoprotein), HDL (high density lipoprotein), and Triglycerides (Silverman, 2001). The HDL type of cholesterol is known as the “good“ cholesterol because it takes the fats from the cells to the liver for further disposal. However, the LDL cholesterol is known as the "bad" type of cholesterol within the body because it is the cholesterol that comes from the liver and goes towards the cells and if too much is carried it will create harmful build-up of plague leading to arterial disease, such a process is called hypercholesterolemia. In an average human body there is an 80% of LDL cholesterol (Cabot, 2006). Triglycerides are the chemical form of this fat which is produced from the foods that are eaten and from other sources like carbohydrates. Such a cholesterol is formed within the blood plasma creating blood fat and when digested is stored as fat cells for further use controlled by bodily hormones.

The cholesterol levels in our body are anywhere between 3.6 mmol/litre to 7.8 mmol/litre however the optimal level desired by doctors is less than 5.0 mmol/litre where HDL levels are desirable at more than 0.9 mmol/L and LDL levels are good less than 3.5 mmol/L (Castelli, 1997). However, in an average human body there is a 70% of LDL cholesterol. Such an amount can be influenced and increased by high- fat diets by the high amount of saturated and Trans fats using eggs, various meat and dairy products. Cholesterol can also be caused by other factors including the overuse of alcohol, smoking, weight over or under age group, and a torpid lifestyle. As well previous diseases and problems like diabetes, kidney & liver disease, high blood pressure, high triglycerides, and even thyroid (Rensfield, 2011). Such factors can lead to various problems like atherosclerosis, heart attacks leading to stroke, and cardiovascular problem. Such a health problem that is suffered by many globally from various age as young as 20-year olds to as old as the last 60`s. However, it can be easily controlled and reversed from a young age by not only understanding the condition but also controlling your diet, lifestyle both mentally and physically, and looking for medications and other health operations (Freeman, 2005).   .

In an ever-changing modern world today where individuals have become more dependent on quick and easy medical and health care breakthroughs using prescriptions and various one-way operations many have forgotten the use of home remedies that can be made with natural ingredients found in the average household and the power of using natural herbal medication that have been used from generations. Home remedies may be powerful, easy to use with natural ingredients, and brought down but it also has controversial opinions that vary from various individuals and groups by its results. Both substances have its pros and cons and in this lab investigation controversial home remedies will be put to the test towards one of the biggest circulatory diseases known in the 21st century in comparison to today`s easy- fix dependent medication.

Apple cider vinegar is very popular for its health benefits. The role of apples in healthy cholesterol levels relies on their concentration of pectin, a fibre common to many fruits. The pectin found in apple cider vinegar attracts bad cholesterol (LDL) and gets rid of unnecessary cholesterol, making your levels much healthier. With more pectin to absorb cholesterol in your system, levels are maintained at a healthier rate. The acetic acid in apple cider vinegar is what makes it effective in lowering low-density-level (LDL) cholesterol.

Apparatus:

• Chemical Safety Goggles

• Masking Tape

• Pen or Permanent Marker

• Five 300 mL glassware

• Five 1000 mL beaker

• Five hot plates

• Warm-water bath (37 degree Celsius)

• 600 grams of pig fat (approximately 2 lbs)

• 100 grams of Honey Garlic Paste

  – 65 mL Honey

  – 35 grams of crushed cloves of garlic

• 100 grams of Coriander juice

  – 2 Tablespoons of Coriander seeds

  – 2 cups of water (200 mL)

• 100 mL of Apple Cider Vinegar

• Polytene Wrap

• Five Thermometers

• Timer

• Crestor 10 mg tablet

• Gloves

• 1395 mL of water

• Mask (optional)

• Dissection Tray (minimum: 2)

• Digital Scale (presumably measure in grams)

• 200 mL glassware

Procedures

Before the Lab:

• Make the coriander juice.

 Boil 2 tablespoons of coriander seeds with two cups (200 mL) of water. After 10 minutes, extract the liquid so that you get 100 mL of coriander juice.

• Make the honey garlic paste.

 Use 50 mL of honey and 35 grams of garlic. Crush the garlic into a paste form and mix both

Ingredients:

Recommendations:

 Work with a partner on this lab as it involves many steps.

 Wear a mask if you cannot tolerate odour from the pig fat.

 Clean your hands before and after the experiment.

1. Put on your chemical safety goggles and follow all lab safety procedures. (optional: mask)

2. Create an appropriate table in which to record your observations. Look at the table below:

Substance Texture (1 is soft, 5 is hard) Amount of Fat

before (in grams) Amount of Fat

after (in grams) Colour Change Residue

Crestor

Apple Cider Vinegar

Honey Garlic Paste

Coriander Juice

3. Label each 1000 mL beaker using the masking tape with one of the substances using the pen/permanent marker.

4. Turn on the five hot plates and put it on 70. Leave the hot plates for 5 minutes to heat up.

5. Use 200 mL glassware and pour 250 mL of water in each of the 1000mL beakers.

6. Place thermometer in each 1000 mL beaker. Check every 3 minutes to see if the water is at 37 degrees Celsius.

7. Wash hands and put on gloves (Optional: wear a mask)

8. Use a pocket knife and cut the 600 grams of pig fat into 5 equal portion each weighing approximately 150 grams each. Cut the pig fat on the dissection tray to maintain a clean working area.

9. Place pig fat on the digital scale to see if it weighs approximately 150 grams.

10. Place each piece in one of the five 300 mL glassware.

11. Pour 75 mL of water in the first 300 mL glassware.

12. Cover the 300 mL glassware with polytene wrap.

13. Place 300 mL glassware inside 1000 mL beaker.

14. Cover 1000 mL beaker with polytene wrap.

15. After 6 hours, remove the polytene wrap from the 1000 mL beaker and 300 mL glassware and observe the content, texture, residue, and colour of the pig fat.

16. Remove pig fat from the 300 mL glassware and place it on the digital scale to see if there is a difference in mass. Record your observations.

17. Dispose of the pig fat contents as directed by your teacher. Rinse all glassware, beakers, pocket knife and clean up your work space.

 

Variables:

 Dependent Variable:

 Mass of pig fat

 The quantitative feature of the pig fat (texture, colour, and residue)

 Independent Variable:

 The solute (remedies and the medication

 Control:

 Temperature

 Solute amount

 Amount of pig fat

 Water baths

Observations:

 Tabulated data indicating texture, amount of fat before(g), amount of fat after (g) and residue (ml):

Substance Texture  

(1 is soft, 5 is hard) Amount of fat before (in grams) Amount of Fat after (in grams) Residue

(in mL)

Crestor tablet 1 150g 148,7g 79mL

Apple Cider Vinegar 1,6 150g 145,83g 86mL

Honey Garlic Paste 3 150g 147g 84mL

Coriander Juice 1 150g 149,96g 79mL

* The residue at the beginning of the lab was 75 mL

* The texture at the beginning of the lab was 1 (soft)

 Graphed data indicating Amount of Fat Lost (in grams)

Displays the amount of pig fat decreased in the investigation

 Graphed data indicating Residue (in mL)

Presents the amount of residue increased in the investigation

 Graphed data indicating Texture

Exhibits the change in texture before and after in the investigation.

On the scale for texture: 1 is soft and 5 is hard.

 

 

Photographs:

 Apple Cider Vinegar

 

 Crestor (Cholesterol Tablet)

 

 Honey Garlic Paste

    

 Coriander Juice

 

Results:

By analysing the results from the observations after a six-hour period there were some expected but also unexpected outcomes that were produced in the lab investigation. The use of 150g pig fat as the substitute was one of the main variables within the experiment that was being affected from the other ingredients and even though it was not directly cholesterol it was a close substitute which produced good results. During the observations the main factors that were being analysed and recorded was the change in physical appearance, mass within the pig fat from 150g, remaining residue and how it changed from 75ml. One other factor that was taken into consideration is the period for which the investigation was taken place by a mere six hours which would have not have allowed the materials to fully show its effect on the pig fat compared to the normal twenty-four-hour human body cycle.   

The apple cider vinegar was the first home remedy analysed within the lab investigation and it had major affects towards the pig fat by decreasing the mass from 150g to 145g with a decrease of 5g while the residue was increased from 75ml to 86ml with a change of 11ml. Such results proved that there was a lot of activity between the apple cider vinegar and pig fat during the six-hour period. By a big increase of residue and a decrease in the mass of fat it showed that apple cider vinegar was successful in decreasing the fat during the investigation. As well, the physical appearance also had a big effect; a good example is the colour of the pig fat after the lab became bright red colour throughout and especially the sides of the pig fat. As well there was a big colour difference throughout the pig fat from light brown, to bright red, till dark spots throughout the outer surface. The pig fat was much smaller in size with the sides in a curvy shape throughout the surface proving the effectiveness of the apple cider vinegar. Also, when noticing the increased residue, the colour was much darker with more pig fat skin and pieces being part of the increased solution. Such evidences and results not only show the effectiveness but also the ability of this remedy to greatly effect cholesterol.

Secondly, the honey garlic paste known for its strong and powerful ability to decrease cholesterol had unexpected results.  Many South Asians have passed this remedy down from generation to generation. The observations showed that the mass decreased from 150g to 147g a change of only approximately 3g while the residue had an increase from 75ml to 84ml with a change of 9ml. Even though the results were much better than water it was not nearly as impressive as apple cider vinegar when it came to its effectiveness towards the pig fat solution. The physical appearance of the pig fat like the apple cider vinegar had a lot of changes. Rather than having only red marks on the sides the entire pig fat surface turned into a dark red colour with one piece of the pig fat being separated from the rest of the lipids. This showed like the previous remedy that there was a lot of interaction between the solution and the fat throughout the experiment even by the small period (in context of the human body) given for the human body. As well, the shape of the entire pig fat after the investigation was much smaller and shrunk in size which showed the decrease of mass during the experiment. In the residue it not only contained small garlic seeds from the honey garlic paste but also a lot of pig fat from the outer layer creating an increased dark red residue in the end of the experiment proving its strong effectiveness.

With the final home remedy of coriander seeds made from natural coriander seeds the effects or results in the observation proved its minimal effectiveness unlike garlic honey paste and apple cider vinegar but still had a positive effect towards the pig fat. The results of this remedy showed that the pig fat decreased from 150g to 147g while the residue changed from the controlled 75ml to an increased 79ml by a change of 4ml. The physical appearance of the pig fat was not red like the other results but rather much browner in colour where the entire outer surface was in different shades. This showed the decreased effectiveness of this remedy compared to the previous two home remedies investigated by not resulting in a darker solution. As well the structure had only a smaller decrease in size by still being relatively large and compact after the six-hour period. While the residue also being in the colour of a brown solution like the effected pig fat solution, the residue only contained small pieces of the fat within the 76ml solution.

The prescribed medication of a cholesterol tablet, Crestor, had unrespecting outcomes in the end of the six-hour observation. Before observations were taken it was expected that the Crestor tablet would be the most effective but like the coriander juice it proved to only have minimal effect on the pig fat. This was evident by the change in mass from 150g to a mere 147g with only a small decrease of 3ml while the residue as well increased a small amount from 75ml to 79ml with a change of 4ml. Such a minimal activity between the substances were also seen through the physical appearance of the pig fat with it having a colour of light brown red but being still compact but a bit smaller in size overall. However, in certain parts of the pig fat there were signs of the pig fat being affected by the medication from having marks and containing rigid cuts in various parts of the lipid. As well, unlike the other residues from the previous remedies the residue from this experiment showed bubbles and signs that there must have been an interaction between the fast-acting tablet and pig fat while the residue changed to a light brown colour at the end of the observations.

By investigating, observing, analysing, and recording the results from this experiment it could be concluded that even though there were different outcomes throughout the various remedies and medication the time span of a six-hour period showed that interpreting of these results can only be restricted to a certain degree. An entire human body functions regularly over a 24hour cycle and even though by having a limitation over the experimental time span it has opened and developed insights for the understanding of the actual effects remedies and medications have towards cholesterol and its effectiveness in the human body`s circulatory system. As well, in this experiment it also showed the inverse relationship between the amount of residue and decrease in fat over the observation because as fat decreases the residue builds and increases in amount which was evident in the various outcomes. From these experimental results it identified the most effective "medicine" among the various factors investigated for cholesterol which was apple cider vinegar, a powerful home remedy. Even though the cholesterol medication tablet was expected to be fast relief in the cardiovascular system from the observations the remedies has been not only been effective but also the most successful among the medication to decrease most of the cholesterol substitute in the given amount of time of this experimental observation and investigation.

Discussion:

The understanding of how natural home remedies and synthetic pharmaceutical medication has affected the substitute of pig fat in this investigation has given a good indication and a clear image of how such medicines would truly affect cholesterol in the body`s circulatory system. The results of this investigations have proven that natural home remedies (especially apple cider vinegar) are the most effective when it comes to curing health problems and diseases especially in the blood veins and arteries. The results from the observations indicate how no matter how much of a breakthrough a scientific medication provides using natural herbal essences is the most powerful and beneficial for the body and its health. The remedies and medication that have been investigated in this lab are some of the most powerful medical breakthroughs that will help be a factor in not only decreasing high cholesterol but also reversing such unhealthy levels of high cholesterol to a more controlled and stable range.   .

The controversial problem in today`s society between the effectiveness of home remedies and pharmaceutical medication was evident in this investigation by how even though there was a clear answer all outcomes were very close and narrow showing the similarities and differences of each effectiveness. Some of these home-made remedies that are not only made from herbal and natural materials but also from knowledge that has been sent down from generations in families and societies. However, in today's modern society the understanding of home remedies has become very controversial not only by the public but also by various professionals in various fields, groups, and ethnic cultures. Remedies are nevertheless effective but from various medical studies attempts in home remedies have been unactual and without clear evidence unlike prescribed medications because today medication is able to counterattack various diseases quickly, accessibly, and effectively. Due to such medical breakthroughs the understanding and usage of remedies have become scarce and rare even though there are still powerful solutions to today`s various health problems and diseases.  .

An example of using these results in life's practices is in the process of angioplasty which is a technique of solving one the effects of high cholesterol, atherosclerosis, caused by the thickening of artery walls by the accumulation of fatty substances like cholesterol. Over a point in time by the increase of such accumulation it would cause the artery to thicken to an extent where the blood is not able to pass through the artery. To fix this problem doctors use a solution called angioplasty which uses mechanical pressure against the plague build up to widen the clogged blood artery to allow blood to pass through. Firstly, a wire with a deflated balloon called a balloon catheter is placed within the clogged artery. The mechanism will exert a strong pressure against the build-up of plague to widen the area by inflating the balloon. After a certain extent the balloon is deflated but the artery wall will hold the shape by the placement of a stent an artificial tube to allow the blood to pass through the tube to allow blood circulation from becoming clogged up. From the results of the investigation it can help modify and improve this medical procedure with the use of effective remedies that were discussed within this experiment. A good example is the use of apple cider vinegar and honey garlic paste, two of the most effective remedies from the investigation towards the cholesterol substitute. These remedies can be used in the angioplasty procedure by being placed on the outside lining of the stent tube which will be effective during inflation and in the long run by effectively removing the cholesterol on the artery walls as pressure is applied. By using both pressure and reactions between the remedies and the plague build up it will make the angioplasty procedure much more effective and will allow the circulatory system to become more efficient at a shorter period.

Modification:

In the laboratory investigation even though the results and outcomes provided an idea towards how such remedies and medication will affect cholesterol in a human body`s circulatory system there was many variables and factors that could have been manipulated to give better results at the end of the investigation. One example of improving this investigation is finding a better substitute for cholesterol for experimentation because even though pig fat was one of the closest substitutes that can be found and was effective in giving relatively good results it is still fat from another animal and may not be as related to cholesterol as other scientific or medical substitutes. However, for such an investigation using pig fat was the most effective substitute because it was cost effective and accessible from near sources. As well, in this experiment rather than using one medication (cholesterol tablet) it could have been justifiable if more than one medication was experimented to allow for a better understanding of the comparison between homemade remedies and scientific medication. By using three remedies to comparison to only one brand of medication available today it could not only lead to further inaccurate results but also inaccurate conclusions. One other factor that could have been more regulated during experimentation is the time of the investigation. By only doing this investigation for a mere six-hour period, it did not provide enough time to notice how the material affects the cholesterol making it difficult to interpret the end results for further conclusions. By critical safety measures taken during the experiment it was not an option to allow this investigation to continue for more than a fraction of the needed time to witness the full effectiveness. If done with a longer time and using the previous recommendations it will not only help give a clearer picture and idea to the effects in the human body`s circulatory system but will also provide interpretations for further analysis and conclusions.   

Conclusion:

From this investigation it has not only brought the answers for this experimentation but also the answers towards the questions of responding towards one of the biggest circulatory problems in the 21st century, high cholesterol. Between the various natural home remedies and the pharmaceutical medication, the outcomes of this investigation have proven that natural and generation past medication have been the most effective in decreasing the cholesterol substitute in the given amount of time. Even though today's medication has been made by the latest scientific discoveries, drugs, and synthetic material such an investigation has proven that natural ingredients are the most effective when it comes to health and body care. These results that prove such effectiveness are very much contradicting to today's society by how such powerful remedies have become controversial by various medical studies while prescribed pharmaceutical medications have been known as the easy-fix answers. This investigation would not be the first or the last of its kind in determining the comparisons between such two open-ended substances which has captivated the understanding of various groups, ethnics, and understanding for years but till this day a clear answer for such differences has still not been found.

 

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