Civil engineering
Civil engineering works that involved to the design, construction, and maintenance of the structure. They concentrate on the structures such as the transportation systems, water treatment, government buildings, and public facilities. They work and design safe structures in various locations. And in bridge building, the role of civil engineering is really important. They calculate the load (steel bars, cars…) to avoid the collapse of the structure, supervise through the progress of the building. Moreover, civil engineering that building bridge have to deal with water treatment includes sewage plants, delivery systems for fresh water and dams
Structural engineering
The role of structural engineering is dealing with the design, construction, repair, conversion and conservation. They specially focus all aspect of the structure and safety. They have to calculate, predict the strength, stability and rigidity of the structure. Structural engineering is a part of construction team that build all kind of structure like houses, bridges, dams, … When building a bridge, the structural engineering has to pay attention to the loads of the bridge such as dead load (steel bars), live load (people, cars), … The bridge must be designed that not exceed the vibration limits that can cause the failure.
Two factors that really important are fatigue and torsion. They have to choose the suitable material for the bridge design that ensure the durability of material and predict the possibility of deterioration.
Mechanical engineering
Mechanical engineers are specialists in creation, installation, construction the mechanical devices such as motors, engines, plane, … In construction, they create many machine-like excavator, bulldozer that without it, building a structure is really. Developing the product is also one of the part of mechanical engineering job that enhance the current product to higher level that make it more convenient.
In bridge building, the mechanical engineer’s job is work on any moving elements like a lift bridge or gate. They also repair and maintain the heavy machine that is used in the construction site.
Electrical engineering
Electrical engineer would be involved in installation, maintenance, design and protect the electrical and powered products. Their role is working in lighting, grounding, lighting protection. An electrical engineer will plan the circuitry and wiring of electronic components. In bridge construction, the electrical engineer designs the electric line that run along the bridge. They will often create the drawing, instructions and install and test the product to ensure it work properly and safely.
Geotechnical engineering
A geotechnical engineer is concerned with the surface or within the ground of the construction site, soil test. They use principles of soil mechanics and rock mechanics to investigate subsurface conditions and materials, assess risks posed by site conditions, design the earthworks and structure foundation. In construction, before building any structures, they will be the first one who come to check the ground surface and do a report for that.
The role of geotechnical engineer in bridge building is investigate what type of soil of two side of the bridge to determine and calculate what kind of material can used to build the bridge. After do the soil test, they will determine and design the suitable foundations, earthworks for two side of the bridge.
Design engineering
Design engineers will work in the drawing and schematic for various structures. They use many computer programs to test the possibility of the structure such as CAD that create and test the visual models on the computer. These computer software programs allow the designer engineers to draw detailed lines, form curves, and input measurements.
For building the bridge, the design engineer will put it through virtual stimulation to test the integrity of the whole structure. Therefore, they must have enough understanding about the structures that they draw to make sure its possibility.
Environmental engineering
Environmental engineer concern with the application of scientific principles that protect people from effects of environment factors, environment protection and improve the quality of environment. An environmental engineer finds the solutions for environmental issues such as air pollution, waste water management, …
They design waste water system and air pollution control when building bridge. Also, they focus on water resources management, water treatment plant design, hydrology and environmental risks identification and prediction.
Material engineering
Material engineer is the scientist who design and discover the new material used in construction. They emphasize understanding of material’s properties, their performance in the structures and the field of materials in construction.
In bridge construction, their role is analysing what materials should be used for the bridge. Investigating materials, products that can cause the failure of the structures.