GMO – Genius or Malicious Organism?

Genetically modified organisms have been an extremely hot-button topic. There has been no conclusive evidence that they are extremely good or extremely bad. A new 600 page report was published hoping to shed some light on the situation. According to the report conducted by the prestigious National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, genetically engineered … Read more

Sustainability of road freight transport: eHighway

Since the end of the 20th century, many efforts have been made to reduce human environmental impact. In particular, the field of “Sustainable transport”, that can be defined as the ability to meet today’s transportation needs without compromising the ability of future generation to meet their transport needs (Black, 1996), experienced a serious growth. The … Read more

The relationship between the release of sewage into a river, and the scale of eutrophication caused

Introduction / background info: The Mula Mutha River in Pune, Maharashtra is located right alongside the Kharadi sewage treatment plant. The presence of aquatic life in the water body is negligible. There are various factors that might cause this including pesticide toxicity, pathogenic bacteria, oxygen stratification etc. Sewage discharge is a major component of water … Read more

Environmental Pollution in the U.S

Abstract The environmental pollution problem is becoming a critical issue in America. This research seeks to analyze the regional disparities in dynamic inefficiencies and attempts to explain the causes of inefficiency, health, accounting economic and health-related aspects. It is realized that after accounting for health impacts and environmental pollution, the dynamic inefficiency of the studied … Read more

Comparing conifer stomata and needle characteristics

Several characteristics of plants have been studied to uncover why there are physical differences between and among plant species. These differences can be recorded and then applied to future research regarding how current climate change will alter the distribution and abundance of Earth’s natural resources. For example, stomata measurements can reveal the geographic distributions of … Read more

Carbon footprint of ready-made vs home-made sandwiches

When purchasing ready-made sandwiches, the main concern of a consumer is getting a relatively inexpensive meal in the matter of minutes. However, unbeknownst to most consumers, these convenient meals can be a convenient way to contribute to one’s carbon footprint. In the research article “Understanding the impact on climate change of convenience food: Carbon footprint … Read more

Use and sustainability of cotton

Cotton is a fiber, it is a white, soft, fluffy plant that grows in a protective case. Cotton is one of the most popular agricultural crops. It is used for a variety of things found in our daily lives. The chemical formula for cotton is C6H1005, it is a solid, cotton does not stress easily, … Read more

Marine pollution threatens both marine life and human life

Trash, especially plastics, can be found across the world’s oceans because of its buoyancy and resilience (Erikson et al.). Because the plastic releases toxins into the environment, researchers have stressed that if they are found in the ocean, they should be treated as hazardous waste. The accumulation of plastic pollution can also be found in … Read more

Difference in photosynthetic rates between two variations of leaves (Musa x basjoo trees)

Biology Lab Abstract, Introduction, discussion, and references. Abstract: The Musa x basjoo trees are located around Northern Kentucky University campus where it exhibits two variations of leaves – shredded and intact. We found it perplexing that instead of the damaged leaves being replaced they remained on the tree. This led to our question on whether … Read more

Food Plus Water Waste Equals Destruction  

Two contemporary issues of the global food system that are contributing to its growing instability are food waste and water use, with “an estimated 1.3 billion tons of food worldwide lost or wasted each year” (Hannibal, 2018, p.63), [and] “more than a billion people around the world lack access to safe drinking water” (Cooper, 2003, … Read more

Azospirillum, Phosphorus, Potassium – plant nutrition

Azospirillum Azospirillum is a Gram- negative firee living associative symbiotic organism that is aerobic, heterotrophic and non-nodule forming and motile. It occurs in the roots of dicots and monocot plants i.e. wheat, sorghum and they belongs to the  family Spirilaceae , group 1 of the alpha subclass of the proteobacteria (Shigueru et al., 2013). They … Read more