Essay: Cereal – Review of Literature

Introduction: Cereal
During the 19Th century many people suffered from digestion problems. The cause was their diet. Which lacked grains. Granula was one of the first ‘cereals’ to be developed. Dr.James Caleb Jackson was responsible for this discovery, by mixing and baking graham flower and water he had made the first ready-to-eat cereal. However this cereal had to be soaked overnight in milk in order to be eaten the next day. The cereal was tasteless and not very appetizing, however it was popular among the people. Years later in 1896 Granose Flakes was introduced by the Kellogg brothers. In 1925 one of the Kellogg brothers,Will, opened Battle Creek Toasted Corn Flake Company which then became know as the Kellogg company. By 1920 more than 40 brands of cereal had already emerge from Battle Creek Michigan. In 1905 the first puffed rice cereal was introduced after Dr. Alexander P. Anderson had developed a method of puffing rice by shooting it out of a cannon and selling it to Quaker Oats. With the cereal craze spreading Dr.Maximilian Bircher-Benner introduced Muesli to Great Britain in 1926. It consist of uncooked oats, dried fruit and nuts that was originally served with orange juice instead of milk. Muesli gained popularity in the 1960’s and is still a very popularity breakfast in Europe. Cereal was considered a health food but that soon changed when in 1933 the first sweetened cereal was introduced,Ranger Joe Popped Wheat Honnies. Since then sweetened cereal which targeted kids became the normal thing to eat in the mornings. (Avey,2012) Cereal starts off as grains of a field. They are carefully selected selected grains of corn. Using steam pressure the grains are then cooked, followed by shaping into flakes from giant rollers. The flakes are then toasted in ovens before getting coated if any flavor is needed. This is followed by drying of the flakes by hot purified air. They are then tested for quality before they are packaged and ready for distribution (The European Cereal Breakfast Association,2015)
General Mills
Cadwallader C. Washburn formed the Minneapolis Milling Company in 1856 and ten years later he built his first flour mill near St.Anthony on the Mississippi River in Minneapolis. Even after facing criticism he built a second, facility in 1874. Minneapolis was faced with a flour mill tragedy when half of its milling capacity was wiped out,when Washburn and neighboring plants were destroyed in a flour dust explosion. Even after the incident Washburn began to build a bigger,better mill, one which included new technology to improve on safety and quality of the flour. In 1880 both Washburn and Crosby entered the first International Millers’ Exhibition in Cincinnati. There after entering their finest flour they won the gold,silver,and bronze medals. Soon after the competition the company changed its name to Gold Medal flour, which is still the number one brand in America today.General Mills has since then released many new products as well as faces for these products. In 1931 a new baking mix, Bisquick was introduced. In 1933 the famous slogan ‘ Breakfast of Champions’ and Jack Armstrong The All-American boy both debut for the cereal Wheaties and in 1936 the first official portrait of Betty Crocker is released. Another great cereal got its start as Cheerioats but was soon changed to the brand know today as Cheerios. In 1947 General Mills introduces its first cake mix.General Mills opened it’s first Canadian plant in 1954, then in the 1960’s two very popular cereals were introduced, the first being the vitamin and mineral fortified cereal, Total in 1961 and three years later in 1964 Lucky Charms appeared in stores.Once again General Mills made headlines when they introduced Hamburger Helper in 1971, which helped create a whole new grocery category, this followed by the gain of rights to Yoplait Yogurt in 1977. In the 1980’s and 1990’s General Mills introduced many new products, Fruit roll ups, in 1983, toaster strudels pastries in 1985.This was followed by the worldwide partnership between General Mills and Nestl??in in 1990, Chex and Chex Mix in 1997 , and the portable yogurt, Go-GURT in 1999. Finally in 2000 General Mills acquired The Pillsbury Company to create one of the largest food companies in the world (General Mills Inc. 2015).
Kellogg’s
‘Kellogg’s was founded by Will Keith Kellogg’s and his brother Dr. John Harvey Kellogg’s,these two brothers would soon change the way we eat cereal.Kellogg’s was made to be lighter than most cereal.Kellogg’s spread though out the states because of its advertising, it was featured in magazines,billboards,and they even held a children’s art contest.After Kellogg’s was successful in the U.S it later on opened its first foreign facility in Canada.In the 1920’s Kellogg’s became popular in other places such as England and opened up another foreign facility in Sydney,Australia.Kids loved Kellogg’s cereal, they mailed in boxtops for nursery rhyme rag dolls.During the 1940’s Kellogg’s supported WW2, it helped with the Manhattan atomic bomb project.The 1950’s was a sad tragic moment when the legendary founder of Kellogg’s cereal passed away at the age of 91,Kellogg’s also had its merry days in the year 1950’s since it was growing the facilities had to expand to California and New Zealand.The years of 1960’s Kellogg’s introduced many new cereals such as froot loops,apple jacks,and many others,it got to go to outer space as part of the Apollo 11 space crew breakfast,during these years Kellogg’s had gone global.In the 1990’s Kellogg’s top selling product became poptarts,it had also introduced Eggos and Mrs.Smith’s Pie.The 2000’s was a year that Kellogg’s expanded and made a huge difference in cereal.The 2000’s was also a year that Kellogg’s had introduced new products such as cookies,cracker and other snacks.In the 2010’s Kellogg’s met up with First Lady Michelle and received and award.Kellogg’s had made a pledge to stop obesity.'(Kellogg’s Co., 2014)
Great Value
Great Value is a private label company that was launched in 1993. The company aimed to provide great quality products for a low cost. Aside from making products affordable they have also made their products very clear to read. Their new packaging made it simple to see the product. It featured a white background and pictures of food to make the brand have a uniform look across the categories. The company paid close attention to allergens and even introduce bilingual packaging.They have introduced 80 new products and made changes to other products to fit the likes of customers.(Kapner,2009)
Iron
‘Everyone needs iron it is needed to make red bloods cells and it helps carry oxygen to the lungs.Iron helps carry oxygen to red blood cells, without enough oxygen in the red blood cells it can cause health problems.Poor health,lack of attention,and fatigue are some of the consequences that can occur when you don’t have enough iron.The lack of iron is known as anemia.Iron is added to many products one of which is cereal.Iron can either be added as a spray or it can be baked into the product.Iron is needed as a child because if you don’t have enough iron as a child you lack attention and have problems paying attention.They’re two different types of Iron,heme iron and nonheme iron.Men and women should take 8mg of iron a day.Many products such as cereal,oatmeal, and grits have a sufficient amount of iron.'(Stephanie C,2013). Iron can be found on earth,the sun,and other stars.Since iron is a common metal it is very cheap.Iron is used in magnets and those magnets are used in computers,televisions,and many other appliances.(Brian G.2014)Without iron people wouldn’t exist because we need iron to survive.Plants need iron to make their own food , we need the plants to make oxygen for us to breath and if we didn’t have iron we would exist.It is also possible to get sick from too much iron.(Iron Disorder Institute, 2009). Causes of iron excess can be from either blood transfusions or iron therapy that were given in large quantities or were given for an extensive amount of time.Another cause of excess iron can be the hereditary disorder, hemochromatosis. Excess iron can lead to problems in the intestines,diarrhea,and vomiting. It can also cause damage to coronary arteries,which then can cause heart problems. Deferoxamine is the most common drug used to treat iron excess. This drug binds with the iron and then is released with urine. Taking blood out of a person, or bloodletting is a treatment for hemachromatosis (Beers,2004).Adults should not take more than 45 mg of iron a day unless they are they are being treated under close medical supervision.It is very rare for an adult to overdose on iron due to the fact that our bodies only absorb about ten percent of the iron from foods and iron isn’t consumed in large quantities daily (Nazario,2011).