Travel agents operate as branches that give advice and book holiday and about usually 50 or more branches that operate around UK. Some big tour operators has lots of branches around Uk such Thomas Cook etc. There is some tour operators has less than 50 for example 5 branches therefore this is called maniple and less than 5 branches are more of independent. Most branches located on High Streets mostly or now more on computer. They located in High street because it is busy and there is lots of customer. Travel agents has wide range of product and service that offer to customer types such as family etc. Travel agents also offers different types of transport to travel around during holiday such as trains, ferry and much more to the customer. Also travel agents give good advice to customer about the destination and needs for the travel. This is an example of providing important service to the customer. Travel agents provide other service such as parking in the airport and much more. Travel agents use internet to find holiday leaflets and book holiday easily if they have internet but not support the customer for example changing currency. If there is not internet for customer therefore customer has to find leaflet, travel company holiday book etc. But the problem with this is that travel companies or travel agents has to print out lots of leaflets, books etc. therefore this less efficient way to spend money on that. But now more leaflets etc. are more on the internet where customer can download therefore this is more cost effective and this will help to change such as the service etc.
Tour operators where travel companies put each part of the holiday altogether therefore it might contain transport, accommodation and much more. This is called package holiday. Tour operators have agreements and deals with other travel and tourism related companies such as airlines, hotels etc. therefore each part of the holiday can join together to become a package holiday. Then these package holiday sell to the customer via travel agents or the internet.
In 2008, One of the tour operator in the UK collapse, which is the XL. XL is an example of large tour operators which is the third largest. When this tour operator collapse happen therefore the tourist number has reduced and decreased therefore this made less money going to the UK economy. This reduced customer choice slightly.
Similar to the package holiday, tour operator have lots of holiday and things that will suit for all customer type such as accommodation type, transfer and much more. Most tour operators has lots of branches around the UK to encourage more tourist. Most tour operators put many advertise on TV to encourage customer to book the holiday but this has been stopped in 2010 but tour operator advertise by teletext.
There are two types merging between other travel company which is chain of distribution and horizontal integration. Both distribution do this to increase profit. Horizontal integration with travel company joins other travel company. Chain of distribution is more operating and representing as package holiday as product and service to the tourist or customer.
In mid 1990s, the internet system still developing therefore customer can make or change their experience during the their holiday by getting t gain information, price and much more easily. Meanwhile removal of the rules in the European airspace has helped to introduce more cheaper airlines therefore this helped more for consumer to bring in the package holiday. Also cheaper airlines helped to rid of limited and measure therefore consumer can have holiday such as two weeks in Berlin etc. This helped to increase tourist number visiting these cities in Europe. Also more technology has been developed furthermore on the transport therefore this help to increase of tourist visiting lots of cities in Europe for example some of the trains travelled faster therefore train can arrive to the destination faster for example Paris to London by using the Eurostar.
Long-haul is where it takes more than six hours to travel between two destinations by plane for example London to Australia. Also these destinations many tourists like to travel as long-haul. Some long-haul travel provides liability from organization which are mostly the tour operators. Also tour operators provides good knowledge about some parts of the world that is related to tourism. Honeymoons or special wedding considered as long-haul because of the expense such as London to St Lucia or London to Fiji etc. St Lucia and Fiji are in the top 10 category of popular honeymoon destination.
Cruising saw a change of operating the cruise ship in 1950s because the cruise ships was big and cruise ships build for specific purpose. This is call purpose built. But a disadvantage at that time was most of the port was small to fit in huge cruise ships for example most of the ports in Mediterranean, Manhattan Cruise Terminal in New York Harbour etc. In 1980s and 1990s there were change because more technology were developed and merge which made less changes to build something to make it easier for the consumer therefore cruise ships became streamlined. Now, many tourists from the UK like to cruise around the famous area for example the Scandinavia, Caribbean Islands and more.
All-inclusive holiday is where tourists go away for a holiday that they set a budget for their holiday that will provide lots of things to them such as accommodation, food etc. for example Pietrablu Resort & Spa CDS Hotels in Italy, Rixos Bab Al Bahr in United Abab Emirates and more. Lots of tourists prefer this way because tourists can buy product and service, they can look for anything cheaper than their set budget like a cheaper accommodations or resorts without spending lots of money therefore this is a cost effective way to save money for to spend on other things such as other activities or essentials such as Blue Sea Costa Teguise Beach in Canary Islands, db Seabank Resort+Spa in Malta, Grand Bahia Principe Jamaica in Jamaica and more. This type of holiday is not good for the local community. Also this type of holiday has less inspiration for tourists to explore or learn the local culture therefore this does not suit for local businesses. And also tourists might have less inspiration to leave the place which is the resort.
City breaks.This type of holiday sector increase the size because of number of reason such as increase outbound tourists visiting city breaks, increase domestic tourists visiting city breaks and much more. More tourists are visiting city breaks because city breaks have lots of facilities and services such as international events, attraction etc. City breaks has lots of different type of transport to serve the public or tourists such as trains for example Paris got Metro(Paris underground train) and London got buses etc. Other transport can be air, coach and more Most of these transport made it better for the public and the tourists particular tourist can choose wide range of transport get into their destinations. Tourist can reach short breaks or city breaks destinations easily because of the faster trains such as Eurostar and faster sea crossings such as Ferries. This helped to tourist to reach and get into Europe and Ireland faster and quicker. Increase low cost airlines such as Easyjet made more tourists to visit European city such as Madrid for a city break. There was a pattern, it was when low cost airline airports near a city made the increase of tourist taking overnight plane contrast when city does not have low cost airline airports. There was an increase of domestic and inbound tourist visiting cities around the UK such as London, Glasgow and much more.
Between 1950s and 1960s the coastal resorts decline and rebranded. Before 1950s came, the number of tourist visiting of some of the best seaside destinations in the Uk such as Blackpool, Brighton etc. was higher because first reason is middle working class visitors was more interested visiting these seaside resorts in the Uk and the second reason are about half a population of British people visited these seaside in the Uk during their one day trip. When second world war finished total personal income taken away from taxes has increased and stopped annual pays. Some to seaside resort has stopped and reduce experience like a foreign package holiday. But richer or private business came to spent.
Some of the landmarks has been improved and there is some unique landmark that is historical such as Blackpool tower. There was some research about Uk seaside resort had old character or background history of these places such as Blackpool, Brighton etc. There were some resort that planning or trying to improve activity to increase the visitor number by improving activities for example upmarket bars.
Vladimir Raitz introduced more package holiday that related to overseas package holiday. He used charted flights as package holiday. This helped other tour operator to follow and do the same thing(charted flight in the package holiday) for the customer. This help to increase visitors number to visit Mediterranean destinations such as Spanish coastline and Balearic islands. Many of the small islands introduced and welcomed of mass markets for the visitor. The Development of Tourism Act brought together and gave voice to the tour operator that control in the UK. Most of the package holiday introduced more into cheaper price than quality such as Horizon Holiday Group, First choice, Holiday Hypermarket and much more. Also package holidays wanted to promote more richer tourists or people to have more experience of the holiday. At the time, more technology developed in the planes to travel long destinations such as introduced bigger planes to take in more tourist, faster planes therefore tourist can arrive long haul destinations quickly. Long haul destination is where planes travel very long journey between two destinations such as London to Singapore. It considers as long haul destinations when planes take more six hours to travel between two destination each way.
In 1960s, More advanced technology developed such as computerized reservation system also known as CRS. This enabled some travel and tourism organization to book holiday from their offices such as Thomas Cook, Thomson and much more. This helped to increase more branches around the UK therefore more tourists are booking there. This helped to increase the economy in the UK.
There are two types technological developments such as the internet and Dynamic packaging.
Tourist or customer can use the internet to search and book anything that related to travel and tourism product and service such as TripAdvisor, Booking.com and much more.
Dynamic packaging customer can plan their travel, activities and accommodation such as the hotel etc. They don’t need to book or apply with travel agent (third party). This will help tourist to have more power to choose or book their preferred holiday. Tourist can book each parts separately with the supplier than booking with travel agent. This is a cost effective way to save money. Most of the travel agent found it hard to gain or even win against internet that provides service to tourist such as TripAdvisor. As a result the high street travel agent has be closed such as Thomas Cook. Thomas cook shut down 195 branches on the high street reported in 2013.
Package holiday is a travel and tourism product that contain transportation and other service such as accommodation and much more for the tourist therefore these tourist not need to book each part of the holiday separately. This type holiday organise by tour operator and then travel agent or the internet offers these package holiday to tourists such as Thomson therefore tourists can buy the package holiday.
In 1758.Travel company developed as modern is Cox and Kings that found in 1758. This travel company served to the army and military people such as money, clothes and much more. Also this company served out of Europe which is India. Also more travel companies introduce through out the years.
In 1841, Thomas cook has named a travel company as his name. He noticed that working class people drinks too much but he thought a plan or idea by introduce huge short journey such as locomotive and railways. This help to lots of people to attend the display in Crystal Palace this about 165,000 people. He introduced more excursions but now more in Europe. This help tourist or people to visit around places such as famous cities and much more like Baden-Baden etc.
In 1937, Billy Butlin has name holiday camp as his name Butlin’s. In Skegness he introduced first ever holiday camp. His aim was to build more man-made structure for example landmarks, more museums etc. to make tourist have experience of the attractions. He aimed more for working class people to encourage the holiday e.g. affordable. In 1938,he successfully passed and followed with the Pay Act. This made workers can have holiday with pay. After World War two finish, lots of tourist increase using the camp. This increased up to to 5,000 tourist.
In 1945 and 1950.Vladimir Ritz bought holiday as a package for a first. He organised package holiday for abroad where visitor can book all in one price without booking each part of the holiday separately. This helped to increase the visitor number therefore this helped to increase economy in the UK.
From 1840, material like coal was cheap therefore steam trains travels was not expensive. Many things were improved in one day trains trips to make it is easier for tourists or people to travel to different events and destinations. One tour operator arranged a Great Exhibition for the public. They wanted 165,000 people to attend the Great Exhibition. This Great Exhibition organised in Crystal Palace in London. Rails was a key transports to connect destinations and urban centres. After the Great Exhibition was finished, train company were quite certain without a discussion that seaside resorts going to favoured by tourist such as Blackpool in 1890s predicted that they could put 250,000 tourists or people using the trains separately in groups or numbers. Sometimes 3 million tourists or people use the trains per year. After request from tourist, many things are improved seaside resort such as particular seaside resort for example theatre etc.
Railway in the Uk became a private organization and more controlled because they want to compete other railway sector or gain and win against other railway sector. By doing this they can gain money and the railway became more better and good quality service for tourist and people. Network rail is the private and main company that serve railway around the Uk but some don’t such as London Underground. Virgin Trains is an example of a private organization railway company that serve for tourist and people. Most key or important people are from the private railway company or other sector that is private such as ScotRail and Arriva etc. This will enable for these companies to use Network rail’s track and much more.
Most of the trains are very fast than road transport such as cars. Virgin Trains is a example of trains that travels between destinations such as London to Manchester. Between these two destinations, using Virgins Trains will take up to two hours and using a car will take 4 hours stated by Google maps or RAC route planner. The Government stated and reported to the public that Government introducing new railway network in 2026. This was stated and reported on 2012. This new railway is called HS2 which will eventually connect between London and Birmingham. To build HS2 it will cost £33 Billon. Disadvantage about building HS2 is that it will destroy 160 wildlife areas alerted by the wildlife groups.
In 2002, Virgin put in place a new train called Pendolino. Pendolino is a tilting train that operates around the UK. This development cost £11 million. This train takes 4 hour 30 minutes to travel between London and Glasgow. Top speed of this train travel at 135 mph on parts of the railway. Tilting system makes these trains goes faster. This will help the tourist or people come to their quicker and these trains give tourists or people to have enjoyable and relaxing journeys.
This type transportation is more useful for domestic tourist because they can travel by car to many attraction within their country. Also roads are important for inbound tourists because they the can hire car to travel anywhere such as Airport to the hotel. Also roads provide supplies of many things for tourists such as service, transport like the car etc. This will help to developed more for two types of tourists which are inbound and domestic tourist. Inbound tourist now using more of car hired but this impacted on railways because tourists using less of the trains. Tourist or people use the cars more because cars become more safer and more relax therefore they use this type of transport for short or medium journey especially domestic tourist. This helped to developed worlds motorway such as introducing coach and much more.
Motorway introduced after dual carriage built in 1930s. Motorway was built 20 years later after dual carriage way. This helped many tourist especially domestic tourist and people use this to travel faster and quicker way to travel to their destination. Also the some trains prevent tourist going to some destination at the time. Also car helped to develop and introduce new destination around the Uk. This helped lots of tourist to access new destination and explore the area.
Car is only type of transport that tourist or people can travel alone such travelling with a family or just yourself but they plan destination where they want to go. Tourist or people have freedom to change anything during their travel (car only) therefore this help tourists or people to travel around the destination such as travelling more than one destination that is near by. Car is mostly used as a transport around the world. Also tourist can hire a car to travel to their destination such as Airport to the hotel. This help some car hire company to build more branches around the UK especially busiest tourist area such as airport.
Europcar is an example of car hire company. This car hire company operates around 3,300 or more car hire service around the world such as Australasia. This company provides variety types of car hire for the customer such as van, comfortable ,and stylish car and much more. Europcar provides other service such as the tourist can get their hired transport like a car from the airport. This is called airport service.