Cargo theft

Cargo thieves are becoming more strategic about how they strike.  A thriving black market keeps cargo thieves in business to the detriment of the global economy. Cargo crime is not new and has been around for centuries as history documented robbers attacking merchants on trading roads to pirates seizing ships at sea and to bandits … Read more

The European Union

ABSTRACT The European Union is a unique and valuable organization, actor. EU represents “the common community idea” that emerged after the WW II that had a devastating impact all the world. In time, the Union became multi-stakeholder and more complicated.  These processes include two different dimensions; institutional and political. The second half the century, the … Read more

The South China Sea Dispute

SECTION #1 : HISTORICAL BACKGROUND OF THE SOUTH CHINA SEA DISPUTE The South China Sea is both the fulcrum of world trade and a crucible of conflict. There were battles in 1974 and 1988 and there have been dozens of less violent confrontations since. The US has been involved since the beginning and India has … Read more

Comparison of United States and Britain and analysis of relationship

The United States and England have had an interesting relationship to one another for the entirety of America’s existence. The term special relationship was coined by Winston Churchill in 1944 and he was convinced that “close friendship between Britain and the United States was the cornerstone of world peace and prosperity” (Bromund). The Special Relationship has … Read more

Turkish-Western Relations: Islamic Resurgence and Authoritarianism

A deterioration of the relationship between the Turkish political establishment and the European Union (EU) has been indicated by the recent shutdown of Turkish political rallies for the ruling AKP (Justice and Development) party in Germany and an end to the Turkish bid to join the EU. In 2016, The European Parliament voted to suspend … Read more

Democratization

There are many written works that focuses on democratization throughout the world, this essay will focus on two of them. The first article “Social Protection and Satisfaction with Democracy: a Multi-level Analysis” written by Kadri Luhiste explains that being a citizen of a democratic nation implies political rights, social rights and civil liberties. Luhiste defines … Read more

The Cyprus issue

The Cyprus issue has become one of the most important foreign policy issues of the Turkish Republic. This paper will examine the progress and history of the Cyprus issue. I will also examine the effects of this event in Turkey-EU relations and Turkish policy about Cyprus. History of the Cyprus Issue Since 1931, Greek Cypriots … Read more

Mutually antagonistic nationalism between China and Japan

The rising mutually antagonistic nationalism between the two countries cause China and Japan to have contrasting perspectives and thus view the current issues between them through different lenses. This will continue to undermine bilateral relations and the possibilities of future collaborations between the two countries due to the nationalistic pressure of the countries’ people. Historical … Read more

State support of terrorism as a foreign policy strategy

Once considered a tool of extremists and radical groups, terrorism has grown to be accepted, supported and used by some states as a legitimate foreign policy strategy. While there is a plethora of reasons why states may turn to terrorism as a means of achieving their goals, much of the reasoning behind state and state-sponsored … Read more

U.S evolution as a Superpower and sustainability

How has the U.S evolved to become a Superpower and is this status sustainable within the current international state of foreign affairs? As we progress further into the twenty first century, it is hard to recall a single multi international conflict which didn’t involve the U.S as a key player. The status of its worldly … Read more

Anti-terrorism

The definition of the term ‘terrorism’ has fuelled a major debate for scholars who deem the work to have alternative meanings as the definition of the work differs considerably depending on the context and the producer of the text it is used in. Nevertheless, for the purpose of this essay, Terrorism is the unlawful use … Read more

China’s Belt and Road Initiative: The End of U.S. Hegemony

Place, date of submission: Regensburg, 2/1/19 Abstract China believes that the United States is an omnipresent threat to its sovereignty, territorial integrity and seeks to contain its rise. According to offensive realism, states with an abundant amount of power have the best chance of survival. Hence, China needs to maximise its power and potentially pursue … Read more

ARE REALIST APPROACHES TO SECURITY IRRELEVANT?

Introduction Realism with its focus on security competition, anarchy, power and fear provides explanations and reasons why states go to war. It has exercised a large influence and dominance in International Relations Studies. Realism’s proponents argue that realist thinking extends well before the twentieth century and suggests that current theories are incarnations of the extended … Read more

The significance of the Treaty of Versailles

In order to consider the significance of Treaty of Versailles, we must consider the different ways in which the Treaty of Versailles was significant.  The treaty was primarily significant to/for France and Britain.  The treaty was a moderately significant event. The impact was mainly on Germany.  Over time, the significance of the Treaty of Versailles … Read more

Intractable Conflicts

Intractable Conflicts are believed to fester on negative attractors which can be likened to an addiction as they are strong controlling patterns. They create a fertile ground for deconstructive conflict. Attractors represent the issues in a conflict that keep parties drawn in and fixated on a destructive path either through the coherent view of the … Read more