Profile of the Problem
The increase in the development of technology and the human race, we failed to take care our own parents and the old age people. So this autonomous robot will help in taking care of the old age people and it is voice controllable. The major problem was the waist movement and the pick and place functioning. A robot who can take care of them in the absence of the other family members and perform the basic works as the old age people need for e.g., it can reminds the people to take medicine time to time, can fetch a glass of water, can pick and place the things, can check the heart beat time to time, can protect them from hazardous gases, can open the door and the most important thing it can stay with the old people for long period of time without getting annoyed and perform each and every work.
2. Existing Systems
At present we have a robot which is voice controllable it can move freely to any place. It can go on any inclination. It acts like a real robot. Its best utilization is that it can pick and place the things, can check the heart beat time to time, can protect them from hazardous gases, in any hazardous environment.
2.1 Introduction
The increase in the development of technology and the human race, we failed to take care our own parents and the old age people. So we are trying to fulfill their need by not the human power but the ROBOT. A robot who can take care of them in the absence of the other family members and perform the basic works as the old age people need for e.g., it can reminds the people to take medicine time to time, can fetch a glass of water, can pick and place the things, can check the heart beat time to time, can protect them from hazardous gases, can open the door and the most important thing it can stay with the old people for long period of time without getting annoyed and perform each and every work.
2.2 Existing Software
Various softwares are available on internet and research fields on which such existing systems can be implemented. Different software which is being used is:
Keil:
It is development tools for the 8051 Microcontroller Architecture support every level of software developer from the professional applications engineer to the student just learning about embedded software development.
Proteus:
It is best simulation software for various designs with microcontroller. It is mainly popular because of availability of almost all microcontrollers in it. So it is a handy tool to test programs and embedded designs for electronics hobbyist. You can simulate your programming of microcontroller in Proteus 8 Simulation Software. After simulating your circui in Proteus 8 Software you can directly make PCB design with it so it could be a all in one package for students and hobbyists. So I think now you have a little bit idea about what is proteus software.
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Fig-2.1 Proteus
2.3 What’s New in Our System?
Basically in existing system we have dc motors, servo motors and a Bluetooth module which is named as HC-05 and it performs the basic functions of the movement from one place to another along with the waist movement. Here is in our system we give a prototype of human robot. we use l298n motor driver, arduino uno board, resistance, connectors, power supply. We give a simplified model of a robot which is not bulky and not too costly. The prototype can pick and place the things, can check the heart beat time to time, can protect them from hazardous gases, can open the door and the most important thing it can stay with the old people for long period of time without getting annoyed and perform each and every work.
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3 Product Definition
Basically we are using a controller ARDUINO UNO board as a center part of project. This arduino uno board consists of ATmega328P and comprises of both analog and digital output pins. DC motors aligned at the bottom of it which is controlled through the program via voice command. We are using 4 dc motors for the movement. Servo motors plays a major role in the movement of any part. All the movement including waist movement, hand movement neck movement can be done through the servo motor. The power required by the arduino to run is 5v. Dc motor can run on 12v 1Amp current whereas servo motor requires 7v-10v for better performance.
3.1 Arduino Uno
Table-3.1.1 Arduino Uno
The Arduino Uno is a microcontroller board based on the ATmega328 (datasheet). It has 14 digital input/output pins (of which 6 can be used as PWM outputs), 6 analog inputs, a 16 MHz crystal oscillator, a USB connection, a power jack, an ICSP header, and a reset button. It contains everything needed to support the microcontroller; simply connect it to a computer with a USB cable or power it with a AC-to-DC adapter or battery to get started. The Uno differs from all preceding boards in that it does not use the FTDI USB-to-serial driver chip. Instead, it features the Atmega8U2 programmed as a USB-to-serial converter.
"Uno" means one in Italian and is named to mark the upcoming release of Arduino 1.0. The Uno and version 1.0 will be the reference versions of Arduno, moving forward. The Uno is the latest in a series of USB Arduino boards.
The Arduino Uno can be powered via the USB connection or with an external power supply. The power source is selected automatically.
External (non-USB) power can come either from an AC-to-DC adapter (wall-wart) or battery. The adapter can be connected by plugging a 2.1mm center-positive plug into the board's power jack. Leads from a battery can be inserted in the Gnd and Vin pin headers of the POWER connector.
The board can operate on an external supply of 6 to 20 volts. If supplied with less than 7V, however, the 5V pin may supply less than five volts and the board may be unstable. If using more than 12V, the voltage regulator may overheat and damage the board. The recommended range is 7 to 12 volts.
The power pins are as follows: VIN. The input voltage to the Arduino board when it's using an external power source (as opposed to 5 volts from the USB connection or other regulated power source). You can supply voltage through this pin, or, if supplying voltage via the power jack, access it through this pin. ‘ 5V. The regulated power supply used to power the microcontroller and other components on the board. This can come either from VIN via an on-board regulator, or be supplied by USB or another regulated 5V supply. ‘ 3V3. A 3.3 volt supply generated by the on-board regulator. Maximum current draw is 50 mA. ‘ GND. Ground pins.
3.1.2 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION
Microcontroller ATmega328
Operating Voltage 5V
Input Voltage (recommended) 7-12V
Input Voltage (limits) 6-20V
Digital I/O Pins 14 (of which 6 provide PWM output)
Analog Input Pins 6
DC Current per I/O Pin 40 mA
DC Current for 3.3V Pin 50 mA
Flash Memory 32 KB of which 0.5 KB used by boot loader
SRAM 2 KB EEPROM 1 KB Clock Speed 16 MHz
3.2 HC-05 Bluetooth module
Fig-3.2.1 HC-05
3.2.2 Hardware Features
‘ Typical -80dBm sensitivity
‘ Up to +4dBm RF transmit power
‘ Low Power 1.8V Operation ,1.8 to 3.6V I/O
‘ PIO control
‘ UART interface with programmable baud rate
‘ With integrated antenna
‘ With edge connector
Table-3.2.3 HC-05 Pin description
3.2.4 Software Features
‘ Default Baud rate: 38400, Data bits:8, Stop bit:1,Parity:No parity, Data control: has. Supported baud rate: 9600,19200,38400,57600,115200,230400,460800.
‘ Given a rising pulse in PIO0, device will be disconnected.
‘ Status instruction port PIO1: low-disconnected, high-connected;
‘ PIO10 and PIO11 can be connected to red and blue led separately. When master and slave are paired, red and blue led blinks 1time/2s in interval, while disconnected only blue led blinks 2times/s.
‘ Auto-connect to the last device on power as default.
‘ Permit pairing device to connect as default.
‘ Auto-pairing PINCODE:’0000’ as default
‘ Auto-reconnect in 30 min when disconnected as a result of beyond the range of connection