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Design of a Heat Exchanger model for a swimming pool
DESIGN PROJECT REPORT
HEAT TRANSFER (MEL3212)
Group No. ‘ 12 (MECH-A)
Members
Registration No. Name
1641018164 Saswat Sankar Panigrahi
1641018138 Sanatan Panigrahi
1641018064 Gaurav Kumar Tripathy
1641018033 Sagar Parida
DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING INSTITUTE OF TECHNICAL EDUCATION & RESEARCH S ‘O’ A
2018
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Abstract
In this ‘Design of Experiment’ titled ‘Design of a Heat Exchanger model for a swimming pool’ an effort has been made to make a detailed study on the application of a heat exchanger in a swimming pool. Heat exchangers are devices whose primary responsibility is the transfer (exchange) of heat, typically from one fluid to another. However, they are not only used in heating applications, such as space heaters, but are also used in cooling applications, such as refrigerators and air conditioners. In a few heat exchangers, the fluids exchanging heat are in direct contact. In most heat exchangers, heat transfer between fluids takes place through a separating wall or into and out of a wall in a transient manner. In many heat exchangers, the fluids are separated by a heat transfer surface, and ideally they do not mix or leak. Such exchangers are referred to as direct transfer type, or simply recuperates.These devices are built for efficient heat transfer from one fluid to another and are widely used in engineering processes. Some examples are intercoolers, preheaters, boilers and condensers in power plants. Some heat exchangers are comprised of multiple tubes, whereas others consist of hot plates with room for fluid to flow between them. It’s important to keep in mind that not all heat exchangers depend on the transfer of heat from liquid to liquid, but in certain cases use other mediums instead.
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TABLE OF CONTENT
1. CHAPTER-1 Introduction
1.1 Literature Review 06
1.2 Types of Heat Exchanger 07
1.3 Selection Criteria 11
1.4 Sizing & Rating 13
2. CHAPTER-2 Problem Statement 14
3. CHAPTER-3 Theory
3.1 Energy Balance Equation. 15
3.2 LMTD Approach 15
3.3 Overall Heat Transfer Coefficient 16
3.4 NTU method 17
3.5 Effectiveness 18
3.6 Pressure Drops 18
4. CHAPTER-4 Design Analysis
4.1 Calculation 19
5. CHAPTER-5 Numerical Modelling of the Designed Heat Exchanger
5.1 Models 22
6. CHAPTER-6 Manufacturing
6.1 Steps of the manufacturing 24
6.2 Tools and equipments used 24
6.3 Bills of the materials used 25
7. CHAPTER-7 Results and Discussions
7.1 Thermal model results 26
7.2 Geometrical model results 26
7.3 Experimental testing results 26
8. CHAPTER-8 Conclusion 28
Reference 28
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List of Symbols
Sl. No. Symbols Description
1. ” Viscosity
2. Ch Specific heat of hot water
3. L Length
4. di Inner diameter
5. do Outer diameter
6. V Velocity
7. CL Tube layout constant
8. PR Pitch ratio
9. ”0 Density of water
10. m” Mass flow rate of hot water
11. LMTD LMTD
12. Re Reynold’s Number
13. Nu Nusselt Number
14. Uc Overall heat transfer coefficient
without fouling factor
15. Uf Overall heat transfer coefficient
with fouling factor
16. A c Area without fouling factor
17. A f Area with fouling factor
18. nt No. of tubes
19. Ds Diameter of shell
20. q Rate of heat transfer
21. CTP Tube constant calculation
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List of Figures
Sl. No. Figure No. Page No.
1. Figure 1 8
2. Figure 2 9
3. Figure 3 10
4. Figure 4 10
5. Figure 5 11
6. Figure 6 22
7. Figure 7 22
8. Figure 8 23
9. Figure 9 23
10. Figure 10 24
11. Figure 11 24
12. Figure 12 25
13. Figure 13 25
14. Figure 14 26
15. Figure 15 26
16. Figure 16 27
17. Figure 17 27
18. Figure 18 28
19. Figure 19 28
List of Tables
Sl. No. Table No. Page No.
1. Table 1 14
2. Table 2 21
3. Table 3 29
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Chapter 1
1.1 INRODUCTION
Literature review
Several scientific explanation have been done on the field of heat. Several laws of physics have been proved and accepted for conventional use in general application purposes. Such laws of physics suggest that heat has the ability to move from a body with a higher temperatures into a body with lower temperatures. It therefore means that for heat transfer to take place, there must be temperature difference between the two bodies. However, heat transfer from one body to the other takes place through various methods. Such methods include radiation, conduction and convection. Depending on the nature of matter involved, a specific method of heat transfer is always involved. Radiation normally involves energy transfer in form of electromagnetic radiations. The transfer of heat from sun to the earth is through the process of radiation. Heat transfer within solids takes place through conduction. It involves the transfer of heat by movement of atoms or molecules from one place to another. Convection however is the transfer of heat by mixing of one part of a medium with another. Convection is a common Several scientific explanation have been done on the field of heat. Several laws of physics have been proved and accepted for conventional use in general application purposes. Such laws of physics suggest that heat has the ability to move from a body with a higher temperatures into a body with lower temperatures. It therefore means that for heat transfer to take place, there must be temperature difference between the two bodies. However, heat transfer from one body to the other takes place through various methods. Such methods include radiation, conduction and convection. Depending on the nature of matter involved, a specific method of heat transfer is always involved. Radiation normally involves energy transfer in form of electromagnetic radiations. The transfer of heat from sun to the earth is through the process of radiation. Heat transfer within solids takes place through conduction. It involves the transfer of heat by movement of atoms or molecules from one place to another. Convection however is the transfer of heat by mixing of one part of a medium with another. Convection is a common means of heat transfer between fluids. Heat exchangers, therefore performs their work through such principles of heat. In a typical plate type heat exchanger, the heat penetrates the surface that separates the cold and the hot medium easily. Therefore, with the use of heat exchanger, it is possible to heat or cool fluids that have minimal energy levels. Therefore, heat exchangers is
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majorly a device that has the ability to transfer heat from one medium to another continuously.
Two main types of exchangers have been developed over the last years.
Such heat exchangers can be categorized as either a direct or an indirect heat exchanger. thermal analysis as well as proper design and use of heat exchangers requires vast knowledge of fluid dynamics analysis for purposes of fluid flow, mechanical analysis for closure and resistance of fluids as well as knowledge on materials in order to determine the most appropriate type of materials to be used. Heat exchangers are globally assumed to be operating under adiabatic conditions. It therefore means that, heat losses or gains between the heat exchangers and the environment can be assumed. The thermal inertia for a heat exchanger is negligible and therefore mostly assumed therefore the general balance equation of energy is reduced to Where the total energy ‘ is a value that can be approximated by enthalpy and ‘ stands for the difference between the output and the input.
1.2 TYPES OF HEAT EXCHANGER
1. Shell and Tube Heat Exchanger
Shell and tube heat exchangers are comprised of multiple tubes through which liquid flows. The tubes are divided into two sets: the first set contains the liquid to be heated or cooled. The second set contains the liquid responsible for triggering the heat exchange, and either removes heat from the first set of tubes by absorbing and transmitting heat away’in essence, cooling the liquid’or warms the set by transmitting its own heat to the liquid inside. When designing this type of exchanger, care must be taken in determining the correct tube wall thickness as well as tube diameter, to allow optimum heat exchange. In terms of flow, shell and tube heat exchangers can assume any of three flow path patterns.
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Fig. 1. Detailed sectional view of a shell and tube heat exchanger
2. Regenerative Heat Exchanger
In a regenerative heat exchanger, the same fluid is passed along both sides of the exchanger, which can be either a plate heat exchanger or a shell and tube heat exchanger. Because the fluid can get very hot, the exiting fluid is used to warm the incoming fluid, maintaining a near constant temperature. A large amount of energy is saved in a regenerative heat exchanger because the process is cyclical, with almost all relative heat being transferred from the exiting fluid to the incoming fluid. To maintain a constant temperature, only a little extra energy is need to raise and lower the overall fluid temperature.
3. Adiabatic Wheel Heat Exchanger
In this type of heat exchanger, an intermediate fluid is used to store heat, which is then transferred to the opposite side of the exchanger unit. An adiabatic wheel consists of a large wheel with threads that rotate through the fluids’both hot and cold’to extract or transfer heat.
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Fig. 2. Schematic diagram of a adiabatic heat exchanger
4. Plate-Fin Heat Exchangers
In principle, these exchangers are similar to the plate and frame exchanges, involving alternating chambers of hot and cold fluids separated by thin metal sheets. The difference is that, two metal sheets which form one chamber are separated by wavy, perforated metallic fins which form channels to allow the passage of fluid. Two opposite sides of each chamber are sealed and other two sides allow the inflow and outflow of fluid. The sealed sides are rotated at 90 degrees for alternating chambers. So the hot and cold fluid flows are always at 90 degrees to each other. These exchangers can be efficiently used for a wide range of applications, wide range of temperature and pressure conditions.
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Fig. 3. Schematic diagram of a plate-fin heat exchanger
5. Spiral Heat Exchangers
Spiral heat exchangers are very basic in their structure. They consist of two separate spiral chambers as shown in the schematic below. These two chambers house hot and cold liquids separated from each other by spiral metal sheet. Heat transfer coefficients on both sides are high. The hot and cold fluid flows are counter current to each other all the way through the exchangers. These factors lead to much lower surface area requirements than shell and tube exchangers. These exchangers can be used for highly viscous fluids at low, medium pressures.
Fig. 4. Spiral heat exchanger manufactured
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6. Plate and Frame Exchangers
Plate exchangers are compact in structure and much cheaper compared to shell and tube heat exchangers. As shown in the schematic below, these exchangers consist of a series of corrugated metal plates parallel to each other held together by gaskets located in corners of each rectangular plate (indicated by holes in the following schematic). These gaskets also contain hot and cold fluids, indicated in the schematic by red and blue colours respectively. This series of plate’s forms chambers which are alternatively filled with hot and cold fluids, so that each corrugated plate is separating hot and cold fluid providing large area for heat transfer between these fluids. The space between two plates determines the heat transfer coefficients and also the pumping cost. Although the pressure drop to push liquid through the this space may be expected to be quite high, usually pressure drop per unit heat exchanged turns out to be lower than that for shell and tube heat exchangers.
Fig. 5. Detailed sectional view of a plate and frame heat exchanger
1.3 SELECTION CRITERIA
A heat exchanger is one of the most in-demand devices in the world. It is a highly versatile device.
5 Selection Criteria for Heat Exchangers:
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1. Application
The first criterion that you need to consider is the specific application for which you will be using the heat exchanger. Your selection of the product will depend entirely on the purpose for which you need it. Think about how the heat exchanger needs to perform in order to fulfil your goals and expectations for the application. Do you need it for condensing, or do you need it for boiling? Do you need the heat exchanger to simply salvage heat, or do you need it for air-conditioning? These are a couple of examples of basic questions that you need to ask yourself before making your final choice.
2. Build material
The build and the design of the heat exchanger must be taken into account before proceeding with the purchase. A lot of times, heat exchangers are installed in environments where they are exposed to extreme temperatures. This can put the unit at risk of suffering from thermal stress.
3. Available space
But, how many people end up buying heat exchangers that are oversized. Before you even start looking for heat exchangers, you need to take exact measurements of the available space where you wish to install the heat exchanger. Do not try to look for the perfect fit. It is always preferable to buy smaller sized heat exchangers that leave a little bit of space, just in case there is a need to utilize that space later on.
4. Cleaning and maintenance routine
The amount of cleaning or maintenance required is the not the same for every type of heat exchanger out there. Some need heavy cleaning and maintenance, while others can have their functionality hampered due to regular cleaning.
5. Cost
We think that it is quite silly to be reminded about keeping the cost of the product in mind. However, the reason why cost is such an important criterion in buying heat exchangers is because many people simply consider the cost of the heat exchanger and turn a blind eye to all the follow
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up costs. Other expenses such as the installation cost, the operational cost, and the maintenance cost are ignored, which leads to a budget constraint.
1.4 SIZING
‘ Inner diameter of copper tubes, di = 4.25 mm
‘ Outer diameter of copper tubes, do = 6.25 mm
‘ Diameter of the shell = 41 mm
‘ Length of the tubes = 1.35m
‘ Length of the shell = 1.5m
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Chapter 2
Problem statement
Design a heat exchanger model for a swimming pool. The following specification are given
Table 1- Given data for the problem statement
Fluid Hot water Cold Water
Inlet temperature (0C) 53 24
Outlet temperature (0C) 42 32
Mass flow rate (kg/sec) 0.1 –
A shell and tube heat exchanger must be designed and rated. Single shell and single tube pass is preferable. Proper layout of the tubes should be chosen with appropriate pitch. Maximum length of the heat exchanger of 1m is required because of space limitation. Proper tube material and size of tube (di = 4.25 mm & d0 = 6.25 mm) must be selected. Fouling resistance may be taken to be 0.0002 m2K/W. Maximum flow velocity through the tube is 0.75 m/sec. Perform thermal analysis. Note that surface over design should not exceed 50%.
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Chapter 3
3.1 Theory
Energy Balance Equation :
Energy balance calculation is often done for designing a heat exchanger to determine operating parameters for hot and cold fluids such as – inlet/ outlet temperatures and flow rates.
The energy balance equation for a counter flow heat exchanger is given by:
dQ = ‘m”c dT = ‘m”c dT = U dA O ‘T
h h h C C Co
where:
dQ = Heat transfer rate.
m” = Mass flow rate of hot fluid.
h
m” = Mass flow rate of cold fluid.
c
ch = specific heat coefficient of hot fluid.
cc = specific heat coefficient of cold fluid.
dTh = Temperature difference of hot fluid.
dTc = Temperature difference of cold fluid.
U0 = Average heat transfer coefficient .
dA0 = Cross sectional area of the heat exchanger.
‘T = Mean temperature difference.
3.2 LMTD
‘ The Logarithmic Mean Temperature Difference (also known as Log Mean Temperature Difference or simply by its initials LMTD) is used to determine the temperature driving force for heat transfer in flow systems, most notably in heat exchangers.
‘ The LMTD is a logarithmic average of the temperature difference between the hot and cold feeds at each end of the double pipe exchanger.
‘ The larger the LMTD, the more heat is transferred.
‘ The corresponding graph for LMTD is:
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‘Ti”Te
Tlm = ln’Ti”Te = LMTD
3.3 ”-NTU
‘ The Number of Transfer Units (NTU) Method is used to calculate the rate of heat transfer in heat exchangers (especially counter current exchangers) when there is insufficient information to calculate the Log-Mean Temperature Difference (LMTD).
‘ In heat exchanger analysis, if the fluid inlet and outlet temperatures are specified or can be determined by simple energy balance, the LMTD method can be used; but when these temperatures are not available The NTU or The Effectiveness method is used.
” = Effectiveness
Actual rate of heat transfer
” = Maximum possible rate of heat transfer
= Q
Qmax
m”c (T ‘ T )
= c c c2 c1
(m”c)s(Th1 ‘ Tc1 )
= (Tc2 ‘ Tc1 ) (Th1 ‘ Tc1 )
‘ The heat capacity ratio R is defined as:
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R = (m”c)s = cmin
(m”c)1 cmax
‘ The value of NTU(Number of Transfer Units) is given by :
NTU = U0A0
m”c cc
‘ The Effectiveness of a counter flow heat exchanger is given by:
1’exp[‘NTU(1’R)]
” =
3.4 U0 (Overall Heat Transfer Co-Effecient)
‘ The Overall heat transfer coefficient(U0) is a measure of the overall ability of a series of conductive and convective barriers to transfer heat.
‘ For the case of a heat exchanger, U0 can be used to determine the total heat transfer between the two streams in the heat exchanger by the formula:
Q = UA”T = UA(Th ‘ TC)
Where:
1 = ‘ R = 1 + xm + 1
UA h A h A
k w A
1 2
xm = thickness of wall
kw = thermal conductivity of wall
h1 & h2 = heat transfer coefficients of both sides
‘ For heat transfer through a cylindrical wall:
Q = U0A0”T = U0A0(Th ‘ TC)
‘ Where:
1 = 1 + xw + 1
U0A0 hiAi kwAim hoAo
And;
Ao = ”DoL Ai = ”DiL and Alm = Ao’Ai
ln( Ao
‘ )
Ai
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”Some values of overall heat transfer coefficients for heat exchangers:
3.5 Pressure drops
As a fluid flows through a heat exchanger there will normally be a pressure drop in the direction of the flow (in some special situations where the fluid velocity decreases there may be an increase in pressure). Pressure drops occur in the flow channels, nozzles, manifolds and turning regions in the headers of heat exchangers and each of these pressure drops must be evaluated, unless experience suggests that one or more may be neglected.
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Chapter 4
4.1 Design Analysis of a Swimming Pool Heat Exchanger Model
The given data
The inlet temperature of hot water = Th,i = 53”C
The outlet temperature of hot water = Th,o = 42”C
The inlet temperature of cold water = Tc,i = 24”C
The outlet temperature of hot water = Tc,o = 32”C
Mass flow rate(kg/sec) , ‘ = 0.1 kg/sec
The flow velocity through tube, V = 0.75 m/sec
The inner diameter of copper tube , di = 4.25mm = 0.00425 m
The outer diameter of copper tube , do = 6.25mm = 0.00625 m
Fouling resistance, AoRf = 0.0002 m2K/W
Re = ”Vd i = 989.1 ‘ 0.75 ‘ 0.00425 = 5516.63
” 0.5715 ‘ 10’3
Re = 5516.63 > 2300 ( flow is turbulent)
Nu = 0.023 ‘ Re0.8 ‘ Pr0.4 = 0.023 ‘ 5516.630.8 ‘ 3.73 = 33.62
Heat transfer coefficient of inner tube, hi = Nu’K = 5066.73 W/m2K
di
Heat transfer coefficient of outer tube, ho = 0.6 ‘ hi = 3040.04 W/m2K
‘ = ”0AVtnt
=> nt = ‘ = 0.1 = 9.5
”0AVt 2
4
‘ 0.00425 ‘ 989.1 ‘ 0.75
=>
nt ‘ 10 ( number of copper tubes)
we know, U0A0 = 1 = UiAi 1
‘ Rtotal
Case_1: (Overall heat transfer coefficient with fouling factors)
(1) => U = 1 = 892.85 W/m2K
f
1 r ln(r ‘r ) r o 1
+ o o i + ( ) + A R f
ho K ri hi o
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Case_2: (Overall heat transfer coefficient without fouling factors)
(1) => Uc = 1 = 1607.71 W/m2K
1 + roln(ro’ri) + ro ( 1 )
ri hi
ho K
60
Th,i
50
Tc,o Th,o
40 Tc,i Y-Values
30
20 Y-Values2
10
0
0 1 2 3 4
From the graph , ”T1 = Th,i – Tc,o
”T2 = Th,o – Tc,i
Logarithm mean temperature difference(LMTD) = ‘T1 ‘ ‘T2 = 19.46
ln(‘T1)
‘T2
q = ‘Ch(Th,i – Th,o) = 4599.1 W/s , where Ch = 4181 J/KgK (specific heat of hot water found by the method of interpolation)
Af = q = 0.265 , Ac = q = 0.147
Uf(LMTD)
Af Uc(LMTD)
‘ = 1.8
Ac
= = 1.35 , = = 0.75
” ” ” ”
‘ = 1.8
The diameter of the shell is given by,
CL
Ds = 0.637’CTP
where CTP = Tube constant calculation = 0.93 CL = Tube layout constant = 0.1
PR = Pitch ratio = 1.25
L = 1.35 m
do = 0.00625 m
Af PR2 do 1’2
[ ]
L
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So substituting the above data , finally the diameter of the shell is found to be
Ds = 29 mm
for the design purpose we increase the diameter of the shell by 50% => the revised diameter of the shell ,
Ds ‘ 44 mm or 1.73 inches
Table 2 Calculated parameters for the design
Sl. No. Parameters Values
1 q 4599.1 W
2 m” 0.14 kg/s
c
3 LMTD 19.460C
4 Re. No. 5516.63
5 Nu. No. 33.62
6 Ac 0.147 m2
7 Af 0.265 m2
8 nt 9.5 ‘ 10 tubes
9 Ds 29 mm
10 Max. Ds 41 mm
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Chapter 5
Numerical Modelling
5.1 Models
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Chapter 6
Manufacturing
All the Materials were purchased from the Refrigeration Vendors and the manufacturing was carried out in the Design and Manufacturing Studio – III as per the specific design and calculations in Chapter 4 and 5. In the workshop various steps have been followed and different tools have been used for the manufacturing of heat exchanger.
6.1 Steps for the Manufacturing
As designed 10 numbers of copper tubes of length 1.37 meter having diameter 6.25 mm has been taken.
‘ The ends of the tube are ground to remove the sharp edges’
‘ The tubes are straightened using wooden hammer.
‘ Four numbers of baffles are taken.
‘ The tubes are attached to the baffles with pattern of 3-4-3.
‘ The shell made of PVC pipe is taken as per the specified length 1.5 meter and diameter 50 mm.
‘ The detailed assembly of the heat exchanger is shown in Figure 6.1
6.2 Tools and Equipments Used
‘ HACKSHAW- To cut the PVC pipes and copper tubes.
‘ FILING TOOLS- FLAT FILE: To make the sharp edges of copper tubes smooth.
‘ ROUND FILE: Used for the baffle holes and copper tubes.
‘ GRINDING MACHINE-Used for making the baffle round.
‘ DRILLING MACHINE- Using proper drill bids holes were done in the baffler.
‘ SHEARING MACHINE- To cut the large Mild steel sheets to obtain the baffler
‘ BENCH VICE- To straighten the cut out baffles.
‘ M-SEAL- For sticking purpose.
‘ MILLING MACHINE- Used in the making of baffles.
‘ HAMMER- Wooden hammer was used to straighten the copper pipes.
‘ SCALE- For measurement purpose.
‘ PUNCH- Dot punch was used in the baffles before drilling.
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6.3 Bills of Materials and Costs
Table 3 ‘ Cost of materials
Sl. No. Material Specification Cost per Unit Quantity Total cost
1 Copper tube As per Rs. 30 per 50 feet Rs. 1500
refrigeration feet
standard
O.D- 6.25 mm
I.D- 4.25 mm
2 Brazing Material For copper Rs. 20 per 5 piece Rs. 130
welding piece
3 UPVC Pipe For hot water Rs. 70 per 5 feet Rs. 350
intake(for shell) feet
I.D- 50 mm
4 End caps For UPVC pipe Rs. 45 per 2 piece Rs. 90
closing piece
5 UPVC pipe For hot and cold Rs. 30 per 2.5 feet Rs. 75
water(for feet
valves)
6 M- Seal For sealing Rs. 30 per 2 piece Rs. 60
piece
7 Araldite For sealing Rs. 50 per 1 piece Rs. 50
piece
8 UPVC adhesive For sealing Rs. 40 per 1piece Rs. 40
piece
So, the total budget of the shell and tube heat exchanger was.
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CHAPTER-7
RESULTS AND DISUSSIONS
All the design parameters and calculations are based on TEMA. The thermal and geometrical model analysis is done based on the given parameters using specified software. During manufacturing proper safety precaution have been taken. The results obtained through design calculations and geometrical model analyses are discussed as follows.
7.1 Thermal Model Results
Comparing the numerical calculations and the thermal model we found that the temperatures at the inlet and the outlet were almost equal in both the cases we can observe the temperature plot and the contours provided that inlet of hot fluid temperature is nearly equal to 333K and the outlet temperature is nearly 313K .Similarly for the cold fluid the temperature contour turned light blue from dark blue as there is a little deviation of 10 degree in temperature. Secondly we observe that the pressure is maximum at the inlets and it goes on decreasing towards the outlet.
7.2 Geometric Model Analysis
For the solid modelling of the product SOLIDWORKS 2016 version 24.4.0.0086 was used. The assembly and the flow simulation feature was used to analyse all the parameters
‘ Shell: The shell was made by first sketching two concentric circles and extruding it. After that the cut extrudes were made after sketching two circles in the reference planes. After that cylinders were extruded to make the extension.
‘ Caps: The caps were made by revolving a solid circular arc, after that the extrude cuts were made in the plane perpendicular to it. Solid cylinders were extended by extruding.
‘ Tubes: Tubes were made by extruding simply the concentric circular sketches.
‘ Bafflers: They were made by first extruding a circle and the extruding it. Circular sketch pattern feature was used to cut extrude the holes in to At last the assembly was done to mate the parts. Later using the SOLIDWORKS FLOW SIMULATION the inlet mass flow rate of the fluids were provided. A computational domain was created for the boundary layers control. Fluid was selected as water. The thermodynamic parameter such as temperature was specified at the inlet. The heat transfer coefficient was also provided to the walls. Later the flow trajectories and the cut plots were shown along with the point parameters showing the temperature, pressure and velocities at the inlet and outlet. All the design and simulated parameters are shown in Table 8.1.
7.3 Thermal model results(‘)
Inlet hot water temperature:
Outlet hot water temperature:
Inlet cold water temperature:
Outlet cold water temperature:
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7.4 Geometrical model results(‘)
Inlet hot water temperature:
Outlet hot water temperature:
Inlet cold water temperature:
Outlet cold water temperature:
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Conclusion
The thermal and geometrical analysis of a shell and tube heat exchanger using hot and cold water as fluids with the help of SOLIDWORKS software (both modelling and analysis) was done and the result obtained was nearly similar as compared to the geometrical model as well as the thermal model where the hot water temperature is decreasing and the cold water temperature is increasing with a negligible amount of error.
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‘ References
1. http://www.thomasnet.com/articles/process-equipment/heat-exchanger-types
2. http://www.enggcyclopedia.com/2011/05/heat-exchanger-types/
3. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heat_exchanger
4. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/279178955_A_review_on_heat_exchangers_literature
5. http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0017931010002395
6. http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/01457630304056?journalCode=uhte20
7. http://ijcttjournal.org/Volume4/issue-7/IJCTT-V4I7P168.pdf
8. https://www.google.co.in/?gfe_rd=cr&ei=zTv5WPW8J9mFrAHz7qmgAw
9. Introduction to heat transfer by Incropera , 6th edition
10. Fluid dynamics by Raisinghania, S chand publications
11. Heat transfer by Nag , 2nd edition
in here…