Essay: GLOBAL MIGRATION

The term ‘global migration’ means that the movement of people from one nation state to another nation state or from one continent to another continent or from one place to another.
MAJOR MIGRATION PATTERNS IN THE EARLY 21st CENTURY
The map shows the major migration patterns in the early 21st century. In the map, it can be seen that the major-migration streams are shown with the help of the thick arrows and these arrows are flows from Africa to Europe, from Asia to Europe, from Asia to North America, from Latin America to North America, from Japan to the US and the Canada. The minor streams are flows from Philippine to Australia, inside the South America, South America to Japan etc.
http://www.google.com/images/major-migration-patterns-in-the-early-21st-century
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FLOW OF PEOPLE FROM 2005 – 2010
People move from one continent to another which is as follows:
‘ From South-East Asia to Europe and West-Asia (in Dark Green)
‘ From Latin America to Europe (in Yellow)
‘ From South-Asia to North America (in Blue)
‘ From West-Asia to Europe (in Pink)
PUSH AND PULL FACTORS http://www.google.com/imgres
The push factors are those factors which pushes one person’s to leave one country to move towards another country whereas the pull factors are those with the help of which a person can be attract towards another country. These factors are as given below:
GLOBAL MIGRATION TRENDS IN THE 21st CENTURY
Following are the global migration trends in the 21st century like:
‘ Economic Trends
‘ Demographic Trends
‘ Risk Trends
‘ Migration and Mobility Trends
ECONOMIC TRENDS
The economic trend shows that if there is high growth in a country then people move towards the middle and low-income countries, but if in case, there is lower growth in the current scenario then people move towards the high income countries. Extreme poverty is the main cause of the over-population. To have, more population means more poverty and fewer amounts of resources. More people will join the growing middle classes structure of the current and future emerging economies. In many of these countries, this will reduce the emigration (to leave one country or region to settle in another) to the North America, Europe and Australia or may even lead to important return migration.
DEMOGRAPHIC TRENDS
In the 21st century, the demographic trend will be shown with the decreasing birth rates and with the increasing life span. Two of these trends, together contribute to demographic aging at a global scale and will have to result for future economic output, labour markets and welfare systems.
RISK TRENDS
Migrants encounter the risks of getting demoralized by employers, agents and traffickers or to experience the structural favoritism through employment practices, social security systems and labour laws.
MIGRATION AND MOBILITY TRENDS
The main two factors which have an impact on the future migration are the demographic gap and the economic union. The people will move from the poorer margin to the richer urban agglomerations (extended city or town area) as well as from the youthful to the aging societies. The migration of the current geography will be changed. On one side, the emerging markets with the higher economic growth will endow with the domestic opportunity to the emigration. On other side, some countries like Korea and China will enter in the international race for the talent and may turn into more attractive destinations for workers than some of today’s immigrant-receiving countries that are now long-lasting slowly or no growth and high unemployment rates systems.
GLOBAL MIGRATION PATTERNS IN THE 21st CENTURY
About 3% of the world’s populations are of the international migrants. The country which comprises of with the greatest amount of immigrants is the United States. Asia, Latin America and Africa have net-out migration. The net-out migration can be negative net migration and it can be defined as the number of the emigrants goes above the number of immigrants in a country which are less than the annual number of the emigrants, counting both the citizens and the noncitizens. In addition to that; North America, Oceania and Europe have net-in migration. The net-in migration can be the number of immigrants exceeds the emigrants; it can be positive net migration. The three largest flows of migrants are from Asia to Europe and also from the Asia as well as from Latin America to North America
The global pattern reflects the importance of migration from the less developed countries to the more developed countries. The migrants from the countries with relatively high natural increase rate and low incomes tend to start for wealthier countries where job opportunities are higher. The highest amount of percentage of the immigrants can be found in the Middle East. About half of the regions, total population are an immigrant somewhere else, due to the petroleum exporting countries; immigrants are able to migrate there, to perform dirty and dangerous jobs on the field as immigrants or guest workers.