Fly ash and limestone waste – environmental impact, use in construction

Ecologically, fly ash and limestone waste are posing a great threat to the environment and due to their disposable problems their use must be limited. However they can be used in the construction of cement concrete pavements on partial replacement basis .Extraction of sand from different sources causes lowering of water level in the rivers … Read more

Leukaemia types, signs and treatments

Introduction: Cancer is when some of the bodies cell begins to divide uncontrollably and are unable to stop and spreads to the surrounding tissues. Many cancers develop malignant tumours. (National Cancer Institute, 2018). Unlike the majorities of cancers, leukaemia does not produce a tumour but results in the mass production of abnormal leukocytes. Acute leukaemia … Read more

Potential of magnetite as a viable method of cleaning up oil spills

All predicted and hypothesized trends were proved. The relationship from Part A, where when temperature decreases, the mass of oil collected increases aligns with Curie’s Law. From Part C, it can be assumed that the higher the mass of oil collected, the stronger the magnetic field. Therefore, Curie’s Law, where magnetisation is inversely proportional to … Read more

Should the Trans pipeline expansion proceed?

When analyzing the controversial issue of whether or not to allow the Trans pipeline expansion to proceed, many aspects must be taken into consideration when making this crucial and urgent decision. By evaluating the situation it’s necessary to discuss points on both opposing and supporting sides, and some of those valid points such as; the … Read more

Critical Review of UN Sustainable Development Goal 13 – Climate Action

Introduction On the expiration of the Millennium Development Goals, the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) were introduced by the United Nations (UN) in 2015 attempt to combat numerous different economic, environmental and social issues, so there can be a sustainable future for everyone. The goals vary from Zero Hunger to Life Below Water; however, this paper … Read more

Coastal erosion in the United States

Coastal erosion in the United States is responsible for approximately $500 million in property loss, land loss and property damage. To help alleviate coastal erosion, the federal government spends an average of “$150 million every year on beach nourishment and other shoreline erosion control measures” (NOAA). In addition to beach erosion, more than 80,000 acres … Read more

Quality of drinking water available in cities (letter to Minister of Water Resources, China)

The Honorable Jingping E Minister of Water Resources 2 Baiguang Road Xicheng, Beijing Dear Mr. E, I am writing on behalf of myself and the citizens living in several different provinces of China. We are extremely concerned with the quality of drinking water available at our cities. We understand that the national government has already … Read more

Plastic waste management and disposal

The disposal of everyday use plastic products is one of the most highly debated topics in today’s age since there is not adequate solution because of the polymers high durability. With the Earth’s population increasing comes increased amounts of waste. In Europe, some studies suggest that a single person is currently producing half a ton … Read more

Protecting The Great Lakes

The Great Lakes are magnificent bodies of water that surround the states of Minnesota, Wisconsin, Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Ohio, Pennsylvania, and New York. They consist of Lake Huron, Ontario, Michigan, Erie, and Superior. These can be remembered by the acronym HOMES. Being from Michigan the lakes hold a special place in my heart. It is … Read more

Environmental Implications from Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs) in Puget Sound, Washington State

The Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife (WDFW) and additional agencies have been tracking toxic chemicals in the Pacific Northwest.  Even with indications that the environmental quality is improving, ecosystems are still in danger are others.  One contaminant such as polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) indicates the ingestion of PCB’s throughout various food webs is a new … Read more

The IPAT Equation (critical essay)

What makes the largest influence to civilization’s impact on the environment? How can we better understand the relationships between our population, resources, and environmental influences? These could have been some questions Paul R. Ehrlich (an American entomologist) and John P. Holdren (a physicist) could have had before they came up with the IPAT model in … Read more

Forming the human connections between bacteria in the gut to mental health and behavior

Bacteria from your stomach tells you what to feel. That’s not a sentence you hear every day. A groundbreaking study correlating gut microbes to mental health and human behavior has opened up a whole new world in the approaches of current pharmacological methods. Gut microbes and humans have always been in a symbiotic relationship as … Read more

Links between pharmaceutical wastewater and antibiotic-resistant bacteria

Introduction Wastewater treatment plants are designed to clean water from solids and microbes making the water safe again for use. Sewers and other collection sites gather the water from homes, businesses, factories, farmland and deliver it to the plants for treatment. These treatment plants clean the wastewater and discharge the cleaned water into streams or … Read more