Why the advice in Cicero’s Handbook of Electioneering is not principled

Marcus Tullius Cicero was a notable orator and politician in the late Roman Republic (Griffin 1988, p.97). Although he has a military background, Cicero was more successful in the politic through the triumph of oratory (Lintott 2000, p.99; Holland 2003, p.128). This success leads him to the election of consulship, the highest office in the … Read more

Review of 3 articles – Waldstein / Healy / Turkewitz (Native Americans)

Waldstein, David. “Battle over Indians’ Name and Logo Moves to the World Series.” NYTimes.com. The New York Times Company, 22 Oct. 2016. Web. 23 Oct. 2016. In this article, David Waldstein discusses the negative caricatures that are associated with the Cleveland Indians.  David focuses on Philip Yenyo, the leader of the American Indian Movement of … Read more

Were the 1920s really the “golden age” for air travel?

Before the 1920s, air travel for the masses seemed like little more than a pipe dream, and anyone who thought they could make a career out of aviation was considered crazy. Suddenly though, everything changed, and the decade saw huge advancements in the world of flight, with the transition from wooden planes to metal, milestone … Read more

The Cambodian genocide

The Cambodian genocide was the mass killing of approximately three million Cambodian people throughout the years between 1975 and 1979. This was executed by a communist group known as the Khmer Rouge, of whom had a common goal of eliminating those who were a threat to the maximization of production in the country. The ultimate … Read more

Octavian Caesar (Augustus Caesar)

In ancient history, several leaders have come back to the forefront to avoid the destruction of the Roman empire. There are several memorable leaders from ancient Rome; however, one leader stands out from all the remainder. Octavian Caesar was born on September 23, 63 BC in Velletri, Italy. He was the first Roman emperor and … Read more

The Reconstruction Movement

From 1865 until 1877, the Reconstruction Movement took place with the primary idea being to fight for equal rights for black people. Despite the end of the civil war, discrimination against blacks continued. They still endured the awful racism effects of the civil war with those in the south suffering the most. When the time … Read more

The American Revolution: Marquis de Lafayette

The American Revolution: Marquis de Lafayette The American Revolution was the birth of individual independence in a new country. The 13 colonies (America) had finally broken away from Great Britain. Several people helped the American Revolution have its winning result. One of these people was Marie Joseph Paul Yves Roch Gilbert du Motier, or Marquis … Read more

Do modernization and westernization go hand-in-hand?

During the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, there was a common belief that the key to ensuring the success and modernity of a civilization was the incorporation of western innovations and customs. For years many people believed that modernization and westernization went hand-in-hand in ensuring an advanced, powerful nation.  However, these terms are not synonyms. Modernization … Read more

Rise and fall of Malacca

THE RISE OF MALACCA Around the year 1400, Parameswara, a prince from Palembang, was forced to flee his homeland. He then left for Temasek and became the ruler of Temasek, now more commonly known as Singapore. He assumed the throne of Temasek for two years before he was later ousted by the stronger Majapahit. Parameswara … Read more

Political environment of Athens – why did Socrates receive a death sentence?

We should look at the political environment of Athens to understand why Socrates received a death sentence. To the modern person, Athen seems very liberal compared to other ancient civilizations. Yet, Socrates was put to death for philosophizing and asking questions. To understand why, it is important to see what kind of environment Socrates lived … Read more

Mao Zedong and Communist China

Modern Global History – 10 3/15/18 Mao Zedong and Communist China Mao Zedong was, and still is, one of the most important figures in global history. From the time he became Chairman of the People’s Republic of China in 1949 until his death in 1976, the movements and projects that he instituted, such as the … Read more

The Battle of Passchendaele

The Battle of Passchendaele The First World War was a catastrophic event that led to many deaths around the world. During that period of time, Canada played a significant role in the war. One of the most successful and furious battle that Canada fought must be the Battle of Passchendaele. Canada gained the reputation of … Read more