Relationship between propagule pressure and establishment success

Propagule pressure is often considered the most consistent predictor of the success of founding populations. This relationship could be mediated by the composition of the founding group (e.g. level of prior adaptation to the recipient environment or diversity) as well as the introduction scenario (i.e. the frequency and timing of discrete introduction events). We introduced … Read more

How Environmental Factors Affect the Rate of Transpiration in Plants

Abstract The purpose of this experiment was to determine the differences in transpiration rates among experimental stimuli. Transpiration occurs when the stomata of a plant loses water in the process of exchanging CO2 gas. The experimental stimuli tested in this experiment are the control, light, and wind. One tomato plant was placed under a light … Read more

Interaction between natural selection and genetic drift

The experiment addresses the interaction between natural selection and genetic drift for several generations in a short period of time. D. melanogaster, the fruit fly, is a commonly used model organism for studying the role of genetic and environmental factors in action. Two small and two large independent populations of D. melanogaster were each split … Read more

Robert Koch’s discoveries on bacteria

Bacteria ─ small prokaryotic microorganisms that can be found everywhere ─ can cause disease. This may seem like basic knowledge today, but it was not in the past. In the 19th century, the spread of disease was believed to be either inherited, due to lifestyle choices, or a result of environmental factors; water and air-borne … Read more

Is there more vitamin c in organic or conventical produce?

Introduction: Vitamin C, also known as ascorbic acid is an acid found is various foods. The acid is essential that helps your body function in a variety of ways these include promoting bone health, reducing inflammation and boosting the immunity (which is why vitamin c is good for colds). Research has found that there is … Read more

How different solutions will effect the corrosion of a nail

Science Experiment Introduction: Metal is one of the most used, and one of the most important materials used today. Metals are more denser than most elements because they are malleable an ductile. Metal is used in society today as bridges, utensils, houses, plates, and parts for vehicles to function. Metal is used for these tasks … Read more

Is science social?

Opposed to the conventional idea that science is separate from society, I would argue that science is essentially dependent upon society. Science is a process relying upon accumulated knowledge to move forward to which the public greatly contribute. Science is often mischaracterised as apart from society, when in fact there are several ways in which … Read more

Obstetric Dilemma/Neanderthal & Human Interbreeding/Eugenics/Racial categories

1.) What is the “Obstetric Dilemma”?  Outline the “problem” and provide details in your description. The “Obstetric Dilemma” is a hypothesis meant to explain why humans are the only primates who require assistance to avoid complications when giving birth while other primates have an “easier” birth process. The “Obstetric Dilemma” explains that the biological tradeoff … Read more

Homeostasis

Homeostasis allows for cells to maintain a steady state and normal proliferation. Organisms have certain body temperatures at which their cells work best. For survival, cells must find all of the substances required for energy generation and cellular biosynthesis. When creating an artificial environment, the media is provides all essential nutrients in the solution for … Read more

Intelligence – genes or environment?

According to Begley S. (2003), intelligence was defined as “general cognitive ability seems to reflect memory skills, verbal and spatial abilities, and abstract reasoning.” There are two factors that influence the inheritability of the intelligence. There had been a long argument with regards to the importance of heredity and environment as factors that determine the … Read more

Cloning extinct animals

The resurrection of extinct species is no longer something you just see in the movies. Cloning extinct species has been made possible through resurrection biology or species revivalism. Scientists have been able to clone sheep, cattle, goats, pigs and mice.The term “cloning” applies to a process more technically known as somatic cell nuclear transfer. Or, … Read more

Light colour in photosynthesis

Introduction: Photosynthesis is an important reaction that occurs daily in a variety of plants. The reaction, which takes in carbon dioxide from the air and water from the ground, creates products of glucose and oxygen. However, the system could not run without light energy provided by the sun or other sources of light. In addition, … Read more

Evolution and natural selection are not synonymous

Evolution is defined by the change in allele frequencies over time in populations. There are various mechanisms of evolution. Naturalist Charles Darwin proposed one of these mechanisms and it is termed natural selection. These two terms, evolution and natural selection, are many times believed to be synonymous. However, the aim of this paper is to … Read more

Extremophiles: the Microorganisms that Thrive in Harsh Environments

When life gave them lemons, they made “extremo-nade”. In the 1970’s, scientists found microorganisms in extreme environments that could digest chemicals from the Earth itself. These microorganisms became known as extremophiles. Extremophiles are microorganisms – whether they are viruses, prokaryotes, or eukaryotes – that thrives under extreme environmental conditions. “Extremophile” is a combination of the … Read more