Waveform generators

3.6 Waveform generators 3.6.1 Triangular wave generator A triangular wave generator can be formed by simply connecting an integrator to a square wave generator. The resultant circuit is shown in Figure. This circuit requires dual op-amp, two capacitors, and at least five resistors. Triangular wave generator The frequencies of the square wave and triangular wave … Read more

AC characteristics

2.4 AC characteristics For small signal sinusoidal (ac) applications, one has to know the ac characteristics such as frequency response and slew rate. Frequency Response of an OP-Amp Ideally an open loop op-amp has infinite Bandwidth. It means that, if its A0L = 90dB with dc signal its gain should remain the same 90dB through … Read more

Error coefficients

There are two types of error coefficients such as: 1. Static error coefficient 2. Dynamic error coefficient Static error coefficient Ability of the system to reduce or eliminate the steady state error is static error coefficient. It is of 3 different types. 1. Position error coefficient:- Here the reference input signal is a constant (step … Read more

Arithmetic and logic functions

UNIT II ARITHMETIC OPERATIONS ALU – Addition and subtraction – Multiplication – Division – Floating Point operations – Subword parallelism. 2.1 ALU Let us discuss about the Arithmetic and logic functions: The arithmetic operations are addition, subtraction, multiplication and division. The logic operations are AND, OR, NOT, EXOR. The different arithmetic and logic functions are … Read more

COMPUTER INTEGRATED MANUFACTURING SYSTEMS – CAD

COMPUTER AIDED DESIGN Concept of CAD as drafting and designing facility, desirable features of CAD package, drawing features in CAD – Scaling, rotation, translation, editing, dimensioning, labeling, Zoom, pan, redraw and regenerate, typical CAD command structure, wire frame modeling, surface modeling and solid modeling (concepts only) in relation to popular CAD packages. 1.1 Concept Of … Read more

Software testing

Discussion Software testing is a vast field which is performed with the sole objective of finding defects in system under test. The question is to what all techniques can be used to test and the importance of these techniques is researched. Techniques like Black box, white box and grey box are prevalent to find the … Read more

Multipath propagation

1.3 Multipath propagation Effects of multipath propagation in cellular network: 1. Multipath Propagation: For wireless communications, the transmission medium is the radio channel between transmitter TX and receiver RX. The signal transfers from the TX to the RX via number of different propagation paths. In some cases, a Line Of Sight (LOS) connection might exists … Read more

Non-orthogonal Multiple access and FULL Duplex in Acoustic Underwater Communications

1 Introduction Underwater technologies has recently gained an increasing research attention. This is mainly due to the recent increase in exploitation of natural resources underwater along with the ongoing trend on collecting big data from underwater enviroments through Internet of Underwater things (IOUT) [kiko,Gussen,Jiang]. Also, such technologies would support multiple ocean applications such as: oceanographic … Read more

Universal Second Factor (U2F)

There is a critical need for improving the authentication standards because of breaches being caused by weak usernames and passwords. With more than 60% rise in credential thefts and violations occurring across global major corporate organizations, second factor authentication is a must cite{Ref1}. To address these concerning issues, the FIDO alliance launched a new protocol … Read more

Correspondence innovation

In the United States and in different nations, present day correspondence innovation has affected our social world. It has affected our reality for the bad as well as for the good. Inside the world, there are numerous groups and classes that one can be distinguished in. In these groups, there must be a type of … Read more

Internship report – ASELSAN

1.Introduction Last summer I have completed my internship at ASELSAN Identification Friend or Foe and Data Link System Engineering Management department. My internship report consists company and department description, and how identification of friend or foe/Secondary surveillance radar works and how system designed for this purposes. 2.Company Description ASELSAN is the largest defence electronics company … Read more

Pharma app (leverages Kelly’s 12 technological forces)

Q1. Using design science, develop a concept paper (1,500 – 2,000 words, excluding references) that leverages Kelly’s 12 technological forces, ideas and concepts from this session, and emerging technologies to propose an innovation that addresses a problem of organizational or societal interest. Your report should be organized around the five phases (Empathize, Define, Ideate, Prototype, … Read more