End-stage-renal disease and kidney transplantation

Introduction End-stage-renal disease and kidney transplantation The kidney is responsible for filtering waste and removes excess of water from your body. When the function of the kidneys is below ten percent of the normal function this is referred to as end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Diabetes, hypertension and chronic kidney disease are the most common causes … Read more

Freedom from treatment failure

After 12 months amantadine had the highest percentage free from treatment failure (79%).(Scott Perry). In Glauser et al. (2013) 53% treated with ethosuximide was free from treatment failure, 58% in valproic acid and 29 % in lamotrigine . At 24 months ethosuximide had a free from failure rate of 75%, valproic acid had 67.8 and … Read more

Research trail – schizophrenia

[1] Le Grange, D., O’Connor, M., Hughes, E. K., Macdonald, J., Little, K. & Olsson, C. A. (2014). Development antecedents of abnormal eating attitudes and behaviours in adolescence. International journal of eating disorders, 47(7), 813-824 Search engine: iFind research, Psychinfo; Search terms “Abnormal behaviour AND psychology” “Eating Disorders” This study is on developmental data from … Read more

Blood pressure

Blood pressure is the force at which blood pushes against the walls of your arteries. (Coventry lecture notes) Blood needs to be under a certain amount of pressure in the arteries to get the blood around the body (British Heart Foundation 2010). High blood pressure known as hypertension puts strain on the heart and blood … Read more

Barrier of communication

Barrier of communication is important to client because client can understand important information clearly and client can involve in important discussion e.g. treatment option. There is four type of barrier which is environmental barrier, physical barrier, language barrier and social isolation. Environmental barriers: Lighting: Light is used for client who can’t read when it is … Read more

Medication management

Always the goal of treatment by using drugs is to giving the patient the best therapeutic benefit and improve the patient’s life as well as to cut the possibility exposing the patient to some of the dangers resulting from the use of some drugs and commit errors that associated to treatment with drugs may occur … Read more

Fluids in our body

To keep our bodies functioning properly they require water. The average male body roughly consists of 60% of water with the average female consisting of 50% of water. Every body part has some water. Below I have given a few examples of body parts which contain water: • Lungs: 90% • Blood: 82% • Skin: … Read more

Fractures in the elderly

Background: Fractures in elderly are an important public health issue, especially as incidence increases with age, and the population of elderly people is growing. Elderly are more likely to have fractures due to many factors as frequent falls, impaired protective reflexes during falls, osteoporosis, many medical illnesses and drugs. Fracture incidence in institutionalized elderly people … Read more

Gene therapy for heart failure

Gene therapy is a genetic engineering technique which manually manipulates genes to modify the functions and activities of DNA for medical purposes. The DNA, deoxyribonucleic acid is a hereditary biomolecule that holds a blueprint for life of a living organism. It has been depicted that growth and development of living organisms requires the harmonious expression … Read more

Obesity in Holland

Introduction As could be expected with such a vast physical separation and greatly differing histories, the cultures and traditions held dear by the Dutch people are strikingly different to those of the Australians. While both nations do indeed share particular traits and have numerable similarities in terms of democratic system, life expectancy, unemployment rates and … Read more

Niacin and Vitamin B12 Metabolic importance

Vitamins are chemically unrelated organic compounds which can be used in many metabolic process. The vitamin B complex are water soluble vitamins that are needed to form the coenzymes or enzymes in metabolic pathways. Niacin is used to produce NAD+ which is used in cellular respiration and NADP+ used in the pentose phosphate pathway and … Read more

Analysis of birth rate across different countries

CONTENTS Section No. Title Pg. No. 1 Research Problem/Objective 2 2 Data Description/Introduction 3 3 Analysis 5 4 Conclusion/Recommendation 14 5 Appendix INTRODUCTION Birth rate is the total number of live births per 1000 of a population per year. With great development and other changes, change in birth rates have also been observed.it is also … Read more

Alcohol’s Effect on the Body

Dental hygienists and therapists are encouraged to take a holistic approach to their patients care. Holistic medicine is defined as ‘treatment of the whole person, taking into account mental and social factors, rather than just the symptoms of a disease’ Oxford dictionaries (2015). Dental clinicians therefore require an understanding of all alcohol related issues not … Read more