The cardiovascular system / Electrophysiology / pacemakers

1. The cardiovascular system The transport system of human body i.e. cardiovascular system comprises of heart and as a pump of system it conveys blood to different parts of body through blood vessels. So the delivery routes of cardiovascular system are vessels which carry fluid, the blood containing necessary nutrients and gases like oxygen that … Read more

Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD)

Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is one of the most common chronic lung diseases in infants, and the incidence has continued to rise with the increasing survival of extremely premature neonates [1].  With limited options for effective and sustained postnatal therapeutic interventions, it continues to be a frustrating clinical syndrome for many neonatologists.  Initially described by Northway … Read more

Effects of methamphetamine withdrawal and housing condition

Methamphetamine has been shown to effect locomotor activity and anxiety-like behavior in mice during methamphetamine withdrawal (Rauhut & Curran-Rauhut, 2018). Research suggests that locomotor activity increases immediately after methamphetamine exposure in mice (Rud, Do, & Siegel, 2016). Locomotor activity decreases over time in mice receiving methamphetamine injections after 90 minutes (Zombeck, Gupta, and Rhodes, 2009). … Read more

Schizophrenia – history, risk factors, onset

Schizophrenia is an illness that have had a lot of clinical studies, the signs and symptoms and cognitive characteristics are well described and there are even some pharmacological treatments that do exist but there is still a lot that we as humans don’t know about this devastating illness. Worldwide about 1 percent of the entire … Read more

Exergaming – rehabilitative health care technology

Medical conditions, such as a stroke, heart attack, arthritis and even serious illnesses, injuries and surgery, often lead a slow recovery to optimal health. One of the most important factors to recovery is participation in rehabilitative services designed to aid in one’s healing process. Throughout the recovery process of a life changing event, challenges in … Read more

Environmental, biological, relational & social changes that occur in adolescence

Adolescence is considered the transitional stage from childhood to adulthood typically occurring between 13 and19 years. This transitional stage is characterised by changes in brain structure and function (Fuhrmann, Knoll, & Blakemore, 2015).  During adolescence, a lot of uncontrollable changes occur which can disrupt the adaptive processing of emotion regulation among adolescents. This emotional dysregulation … Read more

Congenital Heart Defects

Abstract The paper is an analysis of one of the congenital disorders. The paper identifies congenital heart disorder as one of the common type of congenital disorders (CHD). It also identifies CHD as one of the major causes of infant deaths across the world. Causes of CHD which are either genetic or environmental are also … Read more

Up-regulation of miR-23b may induce oxidative stress by repressing OXSR1 as a potential cancer therapy

Abstract MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have shown to be key gene expression regulators in development processes, aging, cancer, and other diseases [8]. miR-23 is a miRNA that is believed to have a role in cancer development, and overexpression of miR-23 could potentially suppress tumor growth [9]. In order to achieve this, the genes regulated by miR-23 need … Read more

Cerebral Palsy – physical, mental, emotional, social & spiritual health

Cerebral Palsy (CP)  is a common inherited disorder that takes place before or during birth. It is a disorder that overall effects the muscle movements and posture. Symptom that must require a medical identification includes amplified reflexives, limp and rigid limbs and involuntary movements. These symptoms usually occur during the early stages of childhood. Muscular … Read more

Gallbladder Disease

Gallbladder disease is a condition that continuously affects the gallbladder, which is a small organ that affects digestion. This organ stores bile which is a fluid that digests fat and is made by the liver. A disease in the gallbladder usually occurs when something such as a gallstone can block the flow of bile on … Read more

Functional Birth Defects

Birth defects is one of the most common disorder that happens to the baby while developing inside the mother’s womb nowadays and may cause death.  Birth defects may affect the baby’s body’s functioning which is known as functional or developmental birth defects. This type of birth defects involves in three specific disorders which are the … Read more

Orofacial cleft

Specific Aims Orofacial cleft (OFC) is the second most common birth defect, following congenital heart disease, affecting about 1 in 700 live births worldwide. It is characterized by clefting of the lip and/or palate thus, interfering with ingestion and speech, as well as inflicting a social and financial burden on the individual and family. Owing … Read more

The importance of Vitamin D

Vitamin D is special because it can be made in the skin from exposure to sunlight (Nair & Maseeh, 2012). It is classified as a conditional vitamin (Beauchesne, 2018). What makes it an essential vitamin is that people’s dress, work, and geography get in the way of attaining enough Vitamin D from sunlight (Nair & … Read more

Linking biocrobiomes to mental health,

As part of the human experience, we have natural reactions of anxiety, stress, and depression. Research towards these emotions should be centered around the brain, so it may be odd to focus on bacteria from the stomach, more specifically from the gut. But when we think about how we describe these emotions through language as … Read more

Anxiety disorders – impact on fetus

Anxiety disorders can cause significant biological and psychological changes for an individual as it affects their ability to distinguish cues considered threatening vs. non-threatening. For most individuals, fear is considered an adaptive physiological and behavioral response causing a shift in homeostasis in response to seemingly harmful situations. However, anxiety disorders, a much more diffused state … Read more