Martin Luther King Jr.’s letters from Birmingham Jail

Martin Luther King Jr.’s letters from Birmingham Jail served to eliminate injustice during the 1960’s. His letter is a response to fellow white clergymen who failed to understand Dr. King’s fight. While King was serving jail time in Birmingham, Alabama, under the ridiculous reasoning of peacefully protesting without a permit, he wrote to counteract the … Read more

Tudor Rebellions

Tudor Rebellions were a major source of unrest in Tudor times and were indicative of the volatility that defined the power balance of feudal society. Rebellions occurring from 1485-1608 could generally be seen as a means of calling grievances to the attention of authorities and pressurizing them to act.  Furthermore, the cause of Tudor rebellions … Read more

The rise of nationalism triggered the onset of the First World War

Throughout the history of the world, there are certain periods of time that are etched into the thoughts of everyone, leaving their imprints on generations to come. What started on July 28, 1914  marked one of those periods – World War I. Whether it is the powerful alliances of the dominating countries or the notorious … Read more

Gay Liberation movement

The 20th century was a time of great cultural change — each decade profuse with issues and movements causing dissent across the nation. A growing clash during the mid-19th century was the greater visibility, and later, the fight for equal rights, for gays and lesbians. “Homosexuality”  was and continues to be (now in certain parts … Read more

An evaluation of Prohibition

Prohibition was an icon of the Roaring Twenties. Proponents of temperance had, for centuries prior, advocated for a federal law against alcohol, and, with the passing of the 18th amendment in 1920, they reached their goal. What advocates saw as a foolproof way to clean up society ended up backfiring and turning the nation towards … Read more

The development of the polis as a social and political structure

The development of the polis as a social and political structure was a fundamental aspect of ancient Greek civilisation.  The opportunity for regional organisation and control offered by the development of the polis shaped the course of Greek history in the ancient world.  Though the polis, communities could be united, armies could be rallied and … Read more

Communist revolutions

Much of the 20th century was defined by communism. States were either becoming communist or states were trying to stop communism. Starting with the Russian Revolution in 1917, communist rhetoric was spread throughout the world and subsequent revolutions in China and Cuba occurred as well. These communist revolutions all have similar characteristics that defined them … Read more

Indonesia’s authoritarian regime breakdown

Indonesia before and during the 1990s was plagued with corruption, riots, and a military authoritarianism regime that eventually transitioned to a presidential representative democratic republic. Before the regime changed, the New Order, led by President/authoritarian leader General Hajji Suharto, strived for economic development and political order through heavy military influences and factions, suppression of political … Read more

Medgar Wiley Evers

Medgar Wiley Evers was born July 2nd, 1925. His parents, James Evers who worked in a sawmill and Jesse Evers who was a laundress. He grew up in Decatur Mississippi, and lived an average life style for the era he grew up in, the Jim Crow era during the Great depression. He had three siblings … Read more

Fourth Crusade (1202-4)

Fewer periods of European history have attracted modern scholarly attention than that of the series of Christian wars now formally known as the Crusades. This is very much reflected in the fact that there has been no century since that of the eleventh in which scholarly publications on the crusades have not been published. Of … Read more

Columbus Day

On the second Monday of every October, there is a federal holiday in which we celebrate Columbus Day. We celebrate Christopher Columbus as a daring and path-breaking explorer who transformed the New World. Most U.S. history textbooks portray him as our first great hero. However, these textbooks leave out just about everything that we do … Read more

Scientific research and ethics following World War II

Whether it was the worryingly blatant lack of ethical thought shown by the Nazis in their concentration camp experiments, or the introduction of a new era of nuclear science after America’s 1945 bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, scientific research was changing and its ethics were crying out for change at the end of World War … Read more

Who is Rosa Parks?

At their Web site, students from Lincoln Bassett Community School answer the question Who is Rosa Parks? “I think Rosa Parks was a woman who stood up for what she believed in.” —Brittney Hammett. “She was a woman who had the guts to stand up for what she believed.” —Jessie Alexander. “Several other students also … Read more